摘要
在黄河三角洲地区,由于油田开发、人类活动增多以及环境变化,滨海湿地发生了局部退化。为了探讨湿地退化的机制,在该地区选择典型湿地进行了植被调查和土壤性状分析。结果表明,植被基本是由白茅→柽柳→碱蓬→到光板地进行演替的。在湿地演替过程中,光板地、碱蓬群落、柽柳群落土壤有机质含量与白茅群落相比,分别降低了81.0%,67.4%,59.5%,全氮含量则分别降低了61.1%,59.6%,41.2%,速效P含量分别降低了19.5%,7.9%和4.7%。同样,演替不同阶段的土壤酶活性从白茅群落→光板地,脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性也逐渐降低,盐分含量则逐渐提高。这说明植被的演变与湿地退化几乎是同步响应的。土壤盐碱化,加快了植物群落的退化演替,植物的退化又反作用于土壤,使土壤的理化性状向着不利于植物生长的方向转化,二者相辅相成,紧密联系。土壤水盐运动是盐渍土演变过程的核心,也是影响湿地植被演替的重要因素。
Wetland degradation in the Yellow River delta creasing human activities, and environmental changes. region occurs due to petroleum development, in- In order to understand the wetland degradation processes, sampling and survey on plant community were conducted by selecting the typical wetland plots. Meanwhile, soil features including organic matter, nutrients, and physiological characters, as well as some soil enzyme activities were analyzed. Results showed that the plant succession was form Imperata cylindri- ca, to Suaeda glauca, to Tamarix chinensis, to barren land. Consequently, soil organic matter content was decreased by 81.0%, 67.4%, and 59.5%, respectively, when form Imperata cylindrica was compared with the other 3 forms. For total N, the percentages were 61. 1%, 59. 6%, and 41. 2% and for effective P, 19.5%, 7.9%, and 4.7%, respectively. The soil enzyme activities such as urease and invertase fell as well, while soil salinity rose during vegetation succession. It is concluded that plant community succession interacts with soil property change. Soil salinization speeds up flora succession reversely, while plant community suc- cession in adverse environment also has a certain effect on soil features. In the process, soil moisture and sa- linity movement are the key factors.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期1-6,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目"江河滩地生态修复与综合治理技术试验示范"(2006BAD03A15)
关键词
黄河三角洲
湿地
退化
植被特征
Yellow River delta
wetland
degradation
flora feature
