摘要
[目的]为应用水吸收法改进酸法磷肥生产工艺奠定试验基础。[方法]通过用水吸收法改进磷肥生产工艺,解决在普钙生产造成的环境污染问题,并使磷肥生产过程中的副产物得到综合利用。[结果]副产物氟硅酸钠是白色的结晶粉末,微溶于水,有吸湿性,可用作农业杀虫剂、工业上的木材防腐剂等。副产物氟铝酸钠是炼铝工业的重要原料之一。采用水吸收工艺改进酸法磷肥生产彻底解决了生产过程中含氟气体对环境的严重污染和对人体健康的危害,实现了"三废"的综合利用。副产物的经济效益可观,粗略估算每生产1 t普钙,可制得8.2 kg硅胶、75.0 kg氟硅酸钠和160.0 kg氟铝酸钠。用水吸收法改进磷肥生产工艺有效增加了磷肥厂的利润。[结论]水吸收工艺在酸法磷肥生产中具有良好的应用前景。
[ Objective ] The aim was to lay an experimental foundation for improving the production technology of phosphorous fetilizer by acid method through applying water absorption method. [ Method] The environmental pollution problems caused by producing calcium superphosphate were resolved and the by-products from the production process of phosphorous fertilizer got comprehensively utilized through improving the production technology of phosphorous fetilizer through applying water absorption method. [ Result] The by-product sodium fluosilicate was white crystalline powder, silghtly soluble in water and had hygroscopicity. It could be used as agricultural pesticide and industrial wood preservative, and etc. The by-product cryolite was an important raw material of aluminum smelting industries. Through improving the production of phosphorous fetilizer by acid method through applying water absorption technology, the serious environmental pollution caused by fluorinecontaining gas and its harmfulness to human health in production process were resolved thoroughly and the integrated utilization of ＂ three wastes＂ was realized. The economic benefit of by-products was considerable. It was estimated approximately that when 1 t calcium superphosphate was produced, there were 8.2 kg silica gel, 75.0 kg sodium fluosilicate and 160.0 kg cryolite produced. The profit of phosphate fertilizer factory was increased effectively through improving the production technology of phosphorous fertilizer through applying water absorption method. [ Conclusion] The water absorption technology had good application prospect in producing phosphorous fertilizer by acid method.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2009年第23期10860-10860,10927,共2页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
水吸收
酸法
普钙
综合利用
Water absorption
Acid method
Calcium superphosphate
Integrated utilization
