摘要
以壶瓶枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.Hupingzao)为试材,从枣股刚萌动起到落性枝停止生长止,观察了落性枝的分化、单花分化、花序分化的形态学特征,并分析了花芽分化与落性枝生长之间的关系。结果表明,落性枝雏形分化主要在发芽前完成,在芽体中可分化完成7～10个叶片,发芽后根据树体营养状况可继续分化。刚发芽后即开始花芽分化,单花分化需经过花原基、萼片、花瓣、雄蕊、雌蕊5个分化时期,需1周左右,花芽分化有其顺序性和不可逆性。花序分化先顶花再一级花、二级花顺序进行。花芽分化随着落性枝的生长进行,落性枝基部1～2节和顶部1～5节的花芽分化不完全,中部花多而质好,开花后落性枝生长停止,到最后一片叶展开后先端部分逐渐枯萎脱落。
Morphological changes of deciduous fruit-bearing shoots, single flower and inflorescence during their differentiation were observed by using Hupingzao jujube eultivar （Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Hupingzao）as material from the swelling of mother fruit-bearing shoots until their growth ceased. The results showed that the preliminary morphology of the deciduous fruit-bearing shoots has basically differentiated before the buds starting to grow. Meanwhile 7 to 10 leaves may be developed in swelling buds. Further differentation of leaf buds usually depends on the nutrient availablility. Flower buds development commenced just after bud break. Single flower development was ordinally irreversible and needed pass through 5 develop- mental stages including floral primordium differentiation stage, sepal differentiation stage ,petal differentiation stage, stamen differentiation stage and carpel differentiation stage. This process usually lasted for one week. Terminal flower bud differentiated first, and followed the primary and secondary flower buds. Along with the growth of deciduous fruit-bearing shoot flower bud differentitation continued. Usually the flower buds in 1 to 2 basal nodes and acropetal 1 to 5 nodes of deciduous fruitbearing shoot had not compeletely developed,whereas there were plenty of high quality flower buds in middle parts. Once blooming deciduous fruit -bearing shoots ceased to grow, the apices withered up and dropped off when the newest leaf ex- pands.
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期487-491,共5页
Journal of Fruit Science
关键词
壶瓶枣
落性枝发育
花芽分化
Hupingzao jujube
Development of fruit-bearing shoots
Differentiation of flower bud
