摘要
在富阳、安吉、平江和沐川连续两年对集约经营型竹林、粗放经营型竹林、天然次生林、针叶林、经济林、农耕地等6种植被类型试验样地进行地表径流和侵蚀产沙观测研究。结果表明：（1）不同土地利用类型／植被类型地表径流差异显著，天然次生林年地表径流量和径流系数最小，其次是针叶林、集约经营型竹林和经济林，粗放经营型竹林年地表径流量、径流系数较大。农耕地年地表径流量、径流系数最大，是天然次生林的3～8倍。（2）不同土地利用类型／植被类型土壤侵蚀模数差异也表现出相似规律。天然次生林土壤侵蚀模数最小，其次是针叶林，粗放经营型竹林、集约经营型竹林和经济林较大。农耕地土壤侵蚀模数最大，是天然次生林的3～9倍。（3）我国东部-西部梯度上不同土地利用类型的水土保持特征差异显著。东部地区的地表径流系数和土壤侵蚀模数均显著低于中西部地区。这与我国东部、西部不同的自然条件、经济社会发展水平和水土保持生态建设现状相关。
The surface runoff and sediment yield of six land-use types has been monitored consecutively for two years in Fuyang, Anji, Pingjiang and Muchuan, which include natural forest, coniferous forest, extensively-managed bamboo stand, intensively-managed bamboo stand, economic forest and farmland. The results showed as follows： （ 1 ） The surface runoff of different land-use/vegetation types showed significant differences. The surface runoff and the runoff coefficient of natural forests was the minimum, followed by coniferous forest, intensively-managed bamboo stand, economic forest and extensively-managed bamboo stand. The surface runoff of farmland was the maximum, which was 3 to 8 times as that of natural forest. （2） The soil erosion modulus of different land-use/vegetation types also showed the similar trend as the runoff coefficient. The soil erosion modulus of natural forest was the minimum, followed by coniferous forest, extensively-managed bamboo stand, intensively-managed bamboo stand and economic forest. The soil erosion modulus of farmland was the maximum, which was 3 to 9 times as that of natural forest. （3） The characteristics of the soil and water conservation of different land-use types along the east-west gradient of China had a significant difference. In the eastern part of China, the surface runoff coefficient and soil erosion modulus were significantly lower than that of the central and western regions. It was related to the difference between the regions of the natural conditions, economic and social development level and the status quo of soil and water conservation.
出处
《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期57-61,共5页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD03A1806)
CIFOR国际合作项目
关键词
土地利用类型
水土保持
地表径流
径流系数
土壤侵蚀模数
东-西部梯度
land-use type
soil and water conservation
surface runoff
runoff coefficient
soil erosion modulus
eastwest gradient
