摘要
以上海市居民出行方式为研究对象,利用联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)温室气体排放计算指南中关于交通能源消费碳排放量的计算方法,探讨2002—2006年上海市居民出行选择的不同交通方式对CO2排放的影响和规律,并提供应对策略.结果表明,2002年以来上海市因居民出行导致的交通CO2排放总量呈显著增长趋势.私家车的CO2排放量增加速度最快,截至2006年私家车CO2排放量约相当于出租车、轨道交通和公交车3种公共交通方式之和.公共交通中,出租车的CO2年排放量和人均CO2排放量都最大,轨道交通的CO2年排放量和人均CO2排放量最小.公交车和出租车的CO2排放量所占比例减少,轨道交通的CO2排放量所占比例增加,这种排放结构的变化有利于减少CO2排放总量.CO2减排的具体措施包括限制私家车数量,设计合理的道路交通方案,使汽车尽可能接近其经济车速,改变汽车燃料种类等,其中限制私家车数量最为关键.
This paper discusses the influence and characteristics of different resident travel modes on urban CO2 emission by urban traffic in Shanghai from 2002 to 2006, using the calculation methods adopted by the IPCC. The results showed that CO2 emissions due to urban traffic increased significantly with time. CO2 emissions from private cars increased fastest, and were almost equal to the sum of CO2 emission from three types of public transportation modes in 2006. Among the public transportation modes, taxis showed the highest annual CO2 emissions and CO2 emission per capita. Railways showed the lowest. The proportion of CO, emissions from buses and taxis decreased, while that from the railways increased. The changes in the CO2 emission structure of the three kinds of public transportation modes were beneficial to the reduction of CO2 emissions. Popularizing railways, limiting the number of private cars, proper design of road networks, economical vehicle speed and changing fuel type are important measures for reducing CO2 emissions. Among them, limiting the number of private cars is the key measure to the carbon emission reduction.
出处
《环境科学研究》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期747-752,共6页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40671177)
关键词
居民出行方式
城市交通
CO2排放
能源消耗
上海市
resident travel modes
urban waffic
CO2 emission
energy consumption
Shanghai City
