摘要
从官修正史、方志和历朝纪事本末、区域气象灾害年鉴等历史文献资料中提取关于陕甘宁交界地区(元前期陕西四川行省的西北部以及元后期的陕西行省和甘肃行省的交界地区,主要包括宁夏府路、河州路、巩昌路、奉元路和延安路之间的部分)的水涝、干旱等气候信息共240余条,利用湿润指数法、旱涝灾害定级法对其干湿变化特点进行研究。研究发现1208-1369年期间,陕甘宁交界地区气候总体以干旱为主。旱涝灾害发生频率的比例为85/38。按照旱涝变化类型可将研究区旱涝变化过程分为三个时段,1208-1240年是以干旱为主要特征,局部时段偶发水涝灾害的时期;1240-1320年,基本持续干旱,而且极端干旱事件频发;1320-1369年,旱灾略有好转,但是旱涝交并发生。蒙元时期陕甘宁交界地区的干湿变化具有明显的转折性和周期性。转折主要发生在1230年和1325年前后,以此两点为界,前后气候变化类型有比较明显的差异。蒙元时期的干湿变化具有10年和23年的准周期,均与太阳活动周期吻合,说明蒙元时期区域干湿变化受太阳活动影响较大。
More than 240 items of climatic information were chosen from the official historical books, local chronicles, annals and regional meteorological disaster yearbooks. By using Moisture Index and Flood-drought Index obtained from the above information, we studied the historical climate change, namely aridity-humidity conditions in the borderland of Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The results showed that during the period of 1208-1369, it tended to be dry in the region and the ratio of drought to flood disasters was 85-38. According to the frequency of drought-flood disasters, the period can be identified into three stages. （1） 1208-1240： drought dominated the stage with several flood disasters occasionally; （2） 1240-1320： Long-term drought disasters and the extreme drought events happened frequently; and （3） 1320-1369： The drought disasters were less severe but the flood and drought disasters happened alternately. Besides, the reconstructed aridity-humidity experenced an abrupt change as well as a periodicity in the Mongol-Yuan Period. The turning points were 1230 and 1325. There were 10-year and 23-year quasi-periods in the aridity-humidity changes, which were consistent with solar cycles, indicating that solar activity affected the aridity and humidity conditions of the study region in the Mongol-Yuan Period. The reconstructed results are consistent with two other study results rebuilt by natural evidences, and are also similar to another study result rebuilt by historical documents.
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第7期839-849,共11页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40871033
40471047)
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-315)~~
关键词
干湿变化
陕甘宁交界地区
历史气候
元朝
aridity-humidity change
historical climate
Yuan Dynasty
the borderland of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia
