摘要
农民业余文化教育的主要目的是扫除文盲。20世纪50年代的扫盲运动经历了"速成识字法"的推广和"扫盲协会"的成立两个高潮,采取的主要形式是冬学和民校。业余文化教育提高了农民的文化知识水平,是农村社会变迁的重要原因之一。同时扫盲过程中也存在一些不足:扫盲工作认识观念存在偏差,文化学习很难与农民的切身经济利益直接挂钩,师资素质较低,办学经费匮乏,人口流动频繁。
The spare-time cultural education in the 1950s was purported mainly to eliminate illiteracy among the peasants.This campaign experienced two high tides of the popularization of'speedy method of acquiring literacy'and setting up of the'Literacy Association'.The campaign was carried out mainly in the forms of winter school and spare-time school for adults.The spare-time cultural education raised the peasants' knowledge and cultural level and promoted changes in the rural society but there were some deficiencies in the campaign:deviation in the understanding of eliminating illiteracy, difficulties in linking literacy directly with the peasants' immediate economic interests,low level of teachers' qualities,insufficient funds and highly mobile population.
出处
《当代中国史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第3期12-19,共8页
Contemporary China History Studies
关键词
新中国成立初期
业余文化教育
扫盲
农民
early days of New China
spare-time cultural education
eliminating illiteracy
peasants
