摘要
目的分析狂犬病的流行病学及临床特点,探讨预防措施。方法对泸州医学院附属医院2006-01/2008-10收治的31例狂犬病患者的流行病学和临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果93.5%的患者为农村人口,96.8%的患者未进行有效的伤口处理和疫苗接种。夏秋季为高发季节,临床表现以发热、恐水、怕风、流涎、狂躁为主,一些少见症状如阴茎异常勃起,上消化道出血等可助诊断。多数患者有白细胞总数和中性粒细胞比例增高。病死率100%。结论狂犬病的防治重点在农村,加强动物检疫和犬只管理、暴露后正确及时的伤口处理及疫苗接种,可以有效地降低狂犬病的发病率。目前狂犬病的诊断主要靠犬咬伤史和典型的临床表现,尚无治愈方法。
Objective To analyze the epidemiologieal and clinical characteristics of rabies, and to explore the measures for the prevention and control of rabies. Method Retrospective analysis was performed on the epidemiological and clinical data of 31 patients with rabies in the affiliated hospital from January, 2006 to October, 2008. Result 93.5% of patients were rural area residents. 96.8% of patients did not proceed preventive or proper treatment and vaccination after being injured. The high-incidence seasons were summer and autumn. The clinical symptoms were fever, fear of wind and water, salivate, mania. Some infrequent symptoms, such as priapism, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were important and could redound to the diagnosis. The total-WBC count and neutrophil increased slightly in most patients. The mortality of patients with rabies was 100%. Conclusion The emphasis for the prevention and control of rabies is in countryside. Some strategies, such as strengthening the animal quarantine and dog management in the rural area, formal wound dealing, vaccination with safe can lowering down the incidence of rabies effectively. The diagnosis of rabies depends on mostly the history of injury by dog and typical clinical symptoms. Still there are no ways and means to cure it.
出处
《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》
CAS
2009年第2期75-77,共3页
Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases
关键词
狂犬病
流行病学
临床特征
rabies
epidemiology
clinical characteristics
