摘要
物种丰富度的空间分布格局及影响因素受研究尺度的影响,总结大尺度空间上物种丰富度沿海拔梯度的分布格局及影响机制。各种出版物、腊叶标本和相关数据库是数据资料的主要来源;物种丰富度的估算方法包括插值法、稀疏法和外推法;中海拔物种最丰富的单峰曲线分布格局最普遍,其次是丰富度随海拔增加而单调下降的分布格局;物种特有率一般在树线附近达到最大值,但在科、属级水平上特有率在海拔梯度上有多种变化格局;面积、气候因子、中间地带效应和Rapoport海拔法则等是物种丰富度海拔格局的重要影响因素,且中间地带效应的影响最大,甚至是唯一与丰富度格局显著相关的因子;物种的系统发育、地质历史等因素在物种丰富度的海拔分布格局中起着重要作用,但还难以定量评估。
Spatial distribution pattern of species richness tudinal gradient distribution pattern of plant species richness is affected by spatial scale of the studies, and the alti- and the influencing mechanism at a broad spatial scale were studied in this paper. It was showed by the study that species data mainly came from varied publications, her- baria and relative database; the estimation methods of species richness mainly included interpolation, rarefaction and extrapolation. One single peak curve of distribution pattern was the most typical pattern of the species richness at mid elevations, followed by the distribution pattern in which the value of species richness monotonously de- creased with the increment of elevation. The maximum value of the percentage of endemic species relative to total species occurrence usually appeared near the tree line, but there were more variation pattern along the altitudinal gradient at family or genus levels. The distribution area, climatic factors, mid-domain effect （MDE） and Rapoport＇s elevation rule were the most important influencing factors upon the altitudinal distribution pattern of species rich- ness, and MDE was the most powerful explanatory variable, and sometimes it was the only variable that significant- ly correlated with the distribution pattern of species richness. Phylogeny of species, geological history and some oth- er factors played an important role in the altitudinal distribution pattern of species richness, but the effect was difficult to be quantitatively measured.
出处
《西南林学院学报》
2009年第2期74-80,共7页
Journal of Southwest Forestry College
基金
国家自然科学基金(40771073
30625004)项目资助
中国科学院生物多样性与生物地理重点实验室开放基金(grantno.0806331121)项目资助
