摘要
目的纵向追踪广州女生性征发育和体格生长，了解青春发育模式及特点。方法对广州市东、西、中部4所小学1992—2001年311名小学女生自一年级[（7．24±0．38）岁]起至其达到成年身高[238名，（15．72±0．84）岁]，每年1次测量其身高、体重；并从三年级起至六年级，检查性征和询问初潮。分析乳房、阴毛发育、初潮、身高线性突增达峰速度（PHV）年龄、成年身高（FAH）及彼此间的关系。结果（1）乳房发育达到B2期的年龄为9．83（9．33～10．33）岁，阴毛发育达到阴毛2期的年龄10．67（9．92～11．38）岁，初潮年龄（12．35±1．30）岁，均迟于2003年全国横向调查中广州地区女孩的调查结果。PHV年龄（10．52±1．07）岁。B2至PHV为1．00（0．50～1．50）年，B2至初潮为2．92（2．08～3．67）年，乳房发育达到B2期至FAH为（4．80±0．85）年。（2）FAH为（158．74±5．74）cm，高于1985年而低于2003年广州地区横向调查结果。（3）乳房发育达到B2期的年龄是初潮年龄的独立相关因素。（4）乳房发育每期持续年限、B2至PHV及B2至初潮间隔年限，与英国（1969年）、塞内加尔（1995—2000年）、美国（1986—1996年）的纵向调查结果相近。结论近20年广州女生青春发育呈提前趋势，但成年身高却有增加；青春发育进展模式与世界各国历年调查结果相近。
Objective To investigate the pattern of pubertal development in healthy Cantonese schoolgirls. Method From 1992 to 2001, 311 normal Cantonese schoolgirls, ages from 6. 25 to 8. 83 yrs （7.24 ±0. 38） at baseline, were followed up until they reached their final adult height （age 15.72 ±0. 84 yrs, n = 238 ）. Annual physical examinations including height and weight measurement were performed. From the 3^rd visit, pubertal maturations （breast and pubic hair development） were also assessed annually until they were 14. 5 years. Age of menarche was recorded. Result （ 1 ） Median age at the entry of puberty （age at reaching B2） was 9. 83 years （9. 33 - 10. 33 ）. Median age at initiation of pubic hair development （PH2） was 10.67 （9.92 -11.38） years. Menarche occurred at （12.35 ± 1.30） years. The age at reaching B2, age at reaching PH2 and age of menarche were all later than that observed in the cross-section study performed in 2003, Guangzhou, China. Peak height velocity （PHV） was reached at （ 10. 52± 1.07 ） years, 1.00 （0. 50 - 1.50 ） years after B2 was reached. Interval between ＂ age at onset of breast development＂ and ＂age at menarehe＂ was 2. 92 （ 2. 08 - 3.67 ） years. Duration of pubertal growth （ defined as the time from age at B2 to age at which adult height was attained ） was （ 4. 80 ± 0. 85 ） years. （ 2 ） Average final adult heihgt （FAH） was （158.74 ± 5.74） cm. As compared with the cross-section studies held in Guangzhou, China, the FAH in our study was higher than that observed in 1985 but was lower than that observed in 2003. （ 3 ） Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the age reaching B2 was an independent factor associated with the age of menarche. （4） Durations of breast stages, interval between B2 and menarche and duration of pubertal growth were similar to that reported in the longitudinal studies in the United Kingdom （ 1969）, Senegal （ 1995 - 2000 ）, the United States （ 1986 - 1996 ）. Conclusio
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期410-415,共6页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
关键词
女性
青春期
青春期发育
生长与发育
Female
Puberty
Adolescent development
Growth and development
