摘要
目的了解深圳市罗湖区印鼠客蚤在月份和鼠种的分布,为深圳市灭蚤预防鼠疫提供依据。方法2008年1-12月在深圳市罗湖区某大型酒楼采用电捕鼠器每月捕鼠15只,调查染蚤率和印鼠客蚤指数,用x2比较不同鼠种染蚤率的差异显著性。结果共获2种鼠种194只,其中褐家鼠146只和黄胸鼠48只,鼠类雌雄性比为1:1.02(96/98),成幼比为2.59:1(140/54)。在捕获的194只鼠中97只体表携带406匹蚤,只有印鼠客蚤1个种属,蚤类雌雄性比为1:1.07(196/210)。家鼠平均染蚤率为50%,其中褐家鼠49%(72/146),黄胸鼠为52%(25/48),差异没有统计学意义(x2=0.11,P>=0.05)。家鼠染蚤率最大值为93%(14/15)在8月份,最小值为7%(1/15)在6月份。印鼠客蚤指数最大值为4.88,在9月份,最小值为0.20(3/15),在6月份,平均指数为2.09。褐家鼠和黄胸鼠的平均蚤指数分别是2.42和1.10。结论深圳市罗湖区蚤密度随季节而波动并呈春秋双高峰现象,褐家鼠作为印鼠客蚤的宿主动物比黄胸鼠重要。
Objective To investigate the distribution of Xenopsylla cheopis in different months and species of rat,to provide the guide on prevention of Plague epidemic in Shenzhen. Methods To survey the flea index, the infection rate of Xenopsylla cheopis on rats monthly, 15 rats were captured by the electric mousetrap placed in a large restaurant in the Nanhu street Luohu district from January to December 2008. The significant difference of infection rate of fea among species of rat was compared by x^2 test. Results One hundred and ninety four rats captured belonged to two Four hundred and six fleas collected from the 97 of 194 live rats were identified to one species, Xenopisylla cheopis. The sex ratio （F： M） of fleas wasl ： 1.07. The infection rate of flea on R norvegicus and R flavipectus was 49% and 52% respectively. The difference wasn＇ t significant （x^2 = 0. 11, P 〉 0. 05） . The average infection rate of flea on rats was 50%, varying from 7% in June to 93% in August. The flea index varied from 0. 20 in June to 4. 88 in September, with the average value of 2. 09. The Xenopsylla cheopis index of R. norvegicus and R flavipectus was 2.42 and 1.10 respectively. Conclusion The density of Xenopisylla cheopis fluctuated with seasons with the double peaks in spring and fall. R. norvegicus was more important than R. flavipectus as the host of Xenopisylla cheopis.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2009年第6期401-402,共2页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
深圳市科技局立项课题(课题编号:200603273)
关键词
媒介生物
体外寄生虫
印鼠客蚤
分布
调查
Vector
Ectoparasite
Xenopsylla cheopis
Distribution
Investigate
