摘要
丙酮氰醇在工业上使用较广泛，常有急性中毒发生，为了制订该化合物车间空气卫生标准，我们对上海石化厂丙酮氰醇车间进行了职业流行病学调查，并选用该厂条件基本相同的醋酸车间工人作对照。共空测１２９个样本仅２个未检出，检出率为９８４４％，最高为聚合釜点，平均浓度为１０７ｍｇ／ｍ３，范围００６～１３１９ｍｇ／ｍ３，最低为控制室外平均为０１８８ｍｇ／ｍ３，范围为０～１５４ｍｇ／ｍ３。本调查发现，丙酮氰醇车间工人神经衰弱症候群９９人中检出４８人，检出率为４８４９％，而醋酸车间工人９７人中检出２４人，检出率为２４７４％。两组比较差异非常显著（Ｐ＜００１），γＧＴ检出率为６１％，而对照组检出率为１０３％。差异显著（Ｐ＜００１）。血红蛋白为１４９±１３４ｇ／Ｌ，对照组为１３３±１２１２ｇ／Ｌ，差异非常显著（Ｐ＜００５）。结果提示丙酮氰醇虽是管道化生产，但在合成釜测定点逸出的丙酮氰醇较高。工人接触时间尽管很短，但对工人健康的慢性影响仍然存在。除防治急性中毒外，该化合物的慢性影响不能忽视。
In order to set the MAC of acetone cyanohydrin in air,an epidemiological study in the acetone cyanohydrin workshop of Shanghai petrochemical facory was carried on The workers of acetic acid workshop in the same factory were selected as the control group Among those 129 air samples in total,the highest concentration was located in polymer plant,averaging at 1 07mg/m 3,and ranging at 0 06～13 19mg/m 3 The lowest concentration was shown just outside the control room,averaging at 0 061mg/m 3 amd ranging at 0～1 54mg/m 3 Among the 99 workers in acetone cyanohydrin workshop,48 of them showed neurasthenic syndrome(48 49%),whereas among the 97 workers in acetic acid workshop,24 workers showed the same symptom(24 74%) Their difference was statistically significance( P <0 01) The other indices showed significance between those two groups including γ GT(6 1 vs 1 03%, P <0 01),Hb(14 9±13 4g/L vs 13 3±122 12g/L, P <0 05) The results suggested that the chronic effect of acetone cyanohydrin would not be ignored
出处
《职业医学》
1998年第3期14-16,共3页
China Occupational Medicine
