摘要
为系统探索农作物病虫害持续控制策略，保护农田生态环境，2002～2007年在云南省玉溪市进行36组小麦蚕豆间作与单作同田对比试验。结果表明，不同年份和各组试验小麦蚕豆间作比单作对主要病虫害都有不同程度的持续控制效果，尤其对蚕豆赤斑病和蚕豆斑潜蝇控制效果显著，而且因间作很好地改善了小麦和蚕豆的产量构成因素、增加了蚕豆叶片面积，从而明显地提高增产和增收效益。间作对小麦锈病、小麦白粉病、蚕豆赤斑病的控制效果分别为30．40％～63．55％，25．60％～49．36％和31．51％～45．68％，对小麦蚜虫、蚕豆斑潜蝇、蚕豆蚜虫的控制效果分别为23．00％～37．20％，15．40％～64．oo％和17．40％～25．20％；增加蚕豆单株叶面积85．33～574．92cm2，增加蚕豆单株根瘤生物量1．53～7．27g；增加小麦产量0．28～0．63t／hm2，提高蚕豆产量2．14～5．72t／hm2，提高经济效益22．46％～34．25％。
In order to study the lasting-control strategies of crop diseases and pests and protect the farmland ecosystem environment, 36 field experiments of diversely planting wheat and faba bean were made in Yuxi City of Yunnan Province from 2002 to 2007. The results showed that interplanting was better than monoplanting in diseases and pests control, yield increase and economic efficiency of wheat and faba bean in different years, especially for the control of faba bean brown spot disease （Botrytis fabae） and faba bean leaf miner （Liriomyza sativae Dlanch）, because crop diversity improved yield constitution factors and increased leaf area of faba bean. Intercropping of wheat and faba bean reduced 30. 40% -63.55%, 25.60% ～49.36% and 31.51% ～45.68% of wheat rust, powder mildew and faba bean brown spot, respectively, and 23.00% ~ 37.20%, 15.40% ～ 64. 00%, 17.40% ～ 25.20% of wheat aphid, faba bean leaf miner and aphid, respectively, increased 574. 92 ～ 85. 33 cm2 leaf＇s area and 1.53 ～7. 27 g fresh weights of root nodules of faba bean per stub, and increased O. 28 ～0. 63 t/hm2 of wheat yield, 2. 14 ～ 5.72 t/hm2 and 22. 46% ～ 34. 25% economic incomes of faba bean.
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期340-348,共9页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”计划)(2006CB100200)
关键词
小麦
蚕豆
间作
持续控制
病虫害
增产效应
wheat
faba bean
interplanting
disease and pest control
diseases and pests
yield increase
