摘要
20世纪是走向物质文明的世纪,也是自然生态和人类生态退化的世纪。一场面向可持续发展的生态革命正在各国悄然兴起,旨在倡导一种高效率、低消耗、高活力的生产关系、生活方式和生态文明。其方法论的基础是作为科学和社会的桥梁的生态学。本文介绍了社会-经济-自然复合生态系统的综合调控方法。介绍了从过程的量化走向关系的序化,从数学优化走向生态进化,从机器智能走向生态智能的可持续发展的方法论革命。介绍了国际产业生态学、城市生态学和人类生态学的渊源、动态和发展趋势,以及产业生态工程、城市生态规划和生态文明教育的前沿动向。
The 20th Century is a century of materialized civilization, and yet a century of natural eco-degradation and human eco-deterioration . Emerged in the world is an eco-revolution towards sustainable development, which aims at encouraging a new kind of production mode, life style and ecological order with high efficiency of resource utilization , low consumption of nonregenerationable goods and high vitality of life support system. Its fundamental methodology is ecology, abridge between science and society. This paper introduced the ecological integration method for identification and regulation of social-economic-natural complex ecosystem, which is undergoing a deep transition from numerical quantification to relationship identification, from mathematical optimization to ecological adaptation, and from material orientation and artificial intelligence to humanity orientation and ecological intelligence. The origins, Progress, the state-of-the-art, and the perspectives of industrial ecology, urban ecology and human ecology are introduced with some examples in ecological engineering, ecological planning and ecological education .
出处
《世界科技研究与发展》
CSCD
1998年第2期87-98,共12页
World Sci-Tech R&D
关键词
生态文明
可持续发展
物质文明
生态学
人类社会
eco-civilization sustainable development industrial ecology urban ecology human ecology