摘要
目的了解新疆石河子市老年人的健康状况及护理服务需求，为老年人的健康保健及医疗服务提供参考依据。方法采用自制问卷对500名社区老年人的一般人口学资料、健康状况、个人健康行为和护理服务需求等进行调查。结果老年人慢性病患病率为72．60％，其中46．60％的老年人患有2种及以上的慢性病；近2周患病率为49．40％；前10位慢性病依次为高血压、冠心病、风湿性关节炎、糖尿病、骨质增生、慢性支气管炎、胆道疾病、脑梗塞、胃肠疾病、前列腺疾病。老年人中有吸烟史者占28．20％，有饮酒史者占18．20％；62．80％的老年人从未体检；老年人所需的保健知识依次为安全用药、慢性病、饮食指导、传染病和常见病等；老年人急需的卫生服务项目：建立健康档案（47．80％）、定期体检（46．60％）、健康指导（43．80％）、社区紧急救护（37．40％）。结论社区老年人慢性病患病率高，针对社区老年人的健康状况和护理服务需求，开展健康教育及社区卫生服务，提高社区老年人的健康水平和生活质量。
Objective To investigate the health status and health care needs among elderly people in Shihezi City and provide evidence for better health care and medical services for elders. Method Five hundred elderly people were investigated with a self - designed questionnaire including demographic information, health status,personal healthy behaviors and health care needs. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases in elderly people was 72.60%. Among which, 46.60% of them suffered from two or more kinds of chronic diseases and 49.40% of them got ill in the recent two weeks. The common ten chronic diseases were ranked as follow ： hypertension, coronary heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, osteoproliferaion, chronic bronchitis, biliary tract diseases, cerebral infarction, digestive diseases, and prostatic disorders. 28.20% and 18.20% of the elderly people had a history of smoking and drinking respectively. 62.80% of the elderly people never received physical examination. They hoped to learn the information related to medication safety guidance, chronic diseases, dietary guidance,infectious diseases and common diseases. The most needed community health care services were establishing personal health records （47.80%） , periodical physical examination （46.60%） ,health education （43.80%） ,community first aid service （37.40%） ,and so on. Conclusions The prevalence of chronic diseases is high in elderly people. In order to improve the elderly people＇ s health status and quality of life,it is necessary to provide health education and community health care services for them according to their health status and health care needs.
出处
《护理管理杂志》
2009年第5期15-17,共3页
Journal of Nursing Administration
关键词
老年人
健康状况
护理需求
elderly people
health status
health care needs
