摘要
目的了解广西农村生活饮用水水质动态变化及其影响因素。方法2007、2008年分别随机抽取广西壮族自治区43和27个监测县,现场调查取水方式、水源类型及覆盖人口。并在监测县分别设置了919和551个水质监测点,于2007、2008年丰(7或8月)、枯水期(3或11月)进行水样的采集、检验和评价。结果2008年农村集中式供水覆盖人口比例为35.72%,较2007年的31.80%提高了3.92个百分点;以地表水为饮用水的人口比例为28.72%,较2007年的22.15%提高了6.57个百分点。2008年水样合格率(24.59%)高于2007年(20.57%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。丰水期水样合格率(17.28%)低于枯水期(26.87%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2007、2008年广西农村集中式供水水质合格率(26.89%)高于分散式供水(12.82%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在各项检测指标中,感官和一般化学指标、毒理学指标合格率均在97%以上,微生物指标合格率最低,集中式供水细菌学指标合格率在34.76%～80.68%,分散式供水细菌学指标合格率在21.43%～66.57%。结论微生物污染是广西农村生活饮用水水质合格率较低的主要原因。
Objective To understand and master the dynamic changes and contributing factors to Guangxi rural drinking water quality. Methods No less than 25% of counties in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were randomly selected according to the proportional stratified sampling method to build the monitoring network for the dynamic monitoring of rural drinking water quality. The sampling time was arranged in the rainy （July or August） and dry season （March or November） in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The test methods were those documented in the standard （GB 5750-2006）. Results The coverage rate of rural centralized water supply was 35.72% in 2008, higher than that in 2007 （31.80%） by 3.92%; the eligible rate of water quality in 2007 and 2008 were 20.57% and 24.59% respectively. The eligible rate of water quality in dry season was higher compared with that in the rainy season. Among all the monitoring indexes, the microbiological index ranked the lowest in terms of eligible rate, ranging from 34.76% to 80.68% for central water systems, and from 21.43% to 66.57% for non-central water supply. Conclusion Microbiological pollution is the main influencing factor for drinking water quality in rural areas in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期325-327,共3页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生厅计划课题资助项目(Z2008220)
关键词
水
农村
卫生调查
Water
Rural area
Health survey
