摘要
目的对烧伤患者创面感染的病原学特征和危险因素进行分析，为制定预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查的方法，对烧伤患者创面感染的病原菌及相关的危险因素进行分类统计分析。结果2005年1月-2007年12月，收治的341例烧伤患者中，创面细菌培养阳性共257例，总感染率75．4％；烧伤感染在前期主要以革兰阳性球菌为多，此后，革兰阴性杆菌逐渐增多，真菌感染也开始出现；病原菌大多是条件致病菌；烧伤后4～10d是发生感染的危险期，感染率与烧伤面积相关。结论及时就诊、及时清创、及时留取标本供细菌培养，根据药敏结果选用抗菌药物，烧伤病区保持相对无菌环境，所有的医疗性操作应严格无菌操作，是预防与减少创面感染的有效措施。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the etiological characteristics and risk factors of burn wound infection to provide scientific basis for preventive measures. METHODS The pathogens and risk factors of wound infection of burn patients were investigated. RESULTS Among 341 burn patients form Jan 2005 to Dec 2007, 257 patients were cultured positively in their wound surface with the total infection rate 86.0%. In the early period of infection, Gram-positive cocci were the main pathogens in preinfection, then Gram-negtive bacilli and fungal infection increased. Most of pathogens were opportunistic. From d4 to d10 after burn was the dangerous period of infection. Infection rate was related to the sizes of burn area. CONCLUSIONS Visiting hospital, debridement and takeing specimens to culture in time, correct antibiotics treatment, sterile environment and aseptic operation are the effective measures to reduce the wound infection.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期918-920,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
