摘要
清末(1895—1911)中国外交官的群体构成与知识结构发生了明显的变化,总体专业水平有了明显的提高,显示出职业化的发展趋势。但不可否认,清末中国外交官的专业素质与真正意义上的职业外交官有着很大距离,表现出明显的过渡特征。
The Chinese diplomats group structure and knowledge structure changed obviously during the last years of the Qing Dynasty.Their professional level had obvious improvement and demonstrated the professional development trend.But undeniably,the Chinese diplomats group structure and knowledge structure demonstrated the obvious transitional characteristic and there was a large distance between the Chinese diplomats professional quality and the real career diplomats .
关键词
清末
外交官
群体变化
the last years of the Qing Dynasty
Chinese diplomats
the colony changing
