摘要
为探究生活垃圾中厨余类物质种类和热值在不同粒径段的分布规律,确定基于该粒径分布特征的处理模式,以北京南城地区2个转运站收集的生活垃圾为研究对象,将混合垃圾细分为<10,10～<20,20～<30,30～<40,40～<50,50～<60,60～<70,70～<80以及≥80mm9个粒径组,分析了不同粒径段垃圾的物理组成、含水率和热值的关系,应用模糊聚类分析法,确定了适合粒径属性的筛分工艺、处理技术和最终处理模式,并以现有筛分工艺为对比,分析了2种筛分工艺物料最终归宿的差异。研究结果表明,含水率和厨余垃圾含量与热值呈极显著负相关,塑料和纸类含量与热值呈显著正相关;最佳筛分工艺为40mm和80mm两级筛分,40mm筛下物可堆肥化处理,40～80mm可采用生物干化预处理提高热值后与80mm筛上物一并焚烧处理,焚烧和堆肥残渣进行填埋处置。进一步对该模式物料归宿分析表明,用于堆肥处理的垃圾量为579t/d,采用生物干发酵的垃圾量为441.9t/d,垃圾的焚烧量为1148.2t/d,垃圾的填埋量为390.8t/d,该工艺使北京南城地区生活垃圾资源化处理率提高60%以上,堆肥产量提高68.6%,填埋量约减少74.9%,从而不仅为北京市今后生活垃圾筛分工艺和处理模式的选择提供了依据,其思路和方法也可供其他地区参考。
In order to explore the distribution of kitchen waste and calorific capacity among different sized municipal solid waste,and determine the treatment patterns based on the size distribution,the mixed sample municipal solid waste from two transfer stations for southern urban area of Beijing was divided into nine groups according to different sizes:<10,10-<20,20-<30,30-<40,40-<50,50-<60,60-<70,70-80 and >80 mm,their physical compositions were classified,and the relationship between physical composition,moisture content and calorific value were analyzed.The screening process,treatment technologies and final processing mode,which suitable for different size of properties,were determined based on fuzzy clustering analysis,and the difference of final destination of material compared was analyzed with the original screening process.The results indicated that moisture and kitchen waste content were significantly negatively correlated with calorific value,the plastic and paper content showed a significant positive correlation with caloric value.The best screening process was taken at the 40mm and 80mm screening.The municipal solid waste under 40mm sieved can be taken as the composting materials.The materials for 40-80 mm can be incinerated with 80 mm sieved material after increasing calorific value through bio-drying pretreatment.The incineration and compost can residue for landfill.Further destination of material of this model showed that there were 579 t/d municipal solid waste by composting,441.9 t/d by bio-drying pretreatment,1148.2 t/d by incineration,and 390.8 t/d for landfill.Under this treatment pattern,the resources treatment rate of municipal solid waste improved by more than 50%,compost production increased by 68.6%,and landfill capacity reduced by about 74.9% for southern urban area of Beijing.This research can provide a theoretical evidence for the selection of screening technique and treatment pattern of municipal solid waste in the future,and the idea and method can also be a reference for other regions.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第S2期274-280,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
重大水专项"畜禽养业废弃资源化处理技术研究与示范"(2008ZX807209-03-3)
国家自然科学基金"基于氮素损失原位控制的堆肥中GHG形成机理及减排研究"(40971177)
国家自然科学基金"基于N素损失原位控制的厨余垃圾堆肥过程中臭气产生规律和控制机理"(41075110)
北京市环境卫生工程集团有限公司立项的"南宫堆肥厂生活垃圾处理能力提升和工艺优化研究"
关键词
垃圾
堆肥
焚烧
处理模式
solid wastes,composting,incineration,treatment pattern
