摘要
目的分析急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的住院死亡原因及相关危险因素。方法选择2003年1月至2008年6月住院的AMI患者1252例,对其中118例院内死亡患者临床资料进行回顾性研究,记录死亡原因,分析死亡高危因素。结果AMI患者总病死率9.42%(118/1252)。男性AMI病死率8.91%(84/943),女性AMI病死率11.00%(34/309),女性患者AMI病死率高于男性,但差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.1972,P=0.2739)。随着年龄增长,AMI病死率增高,〈40岁、40~54岁、55~64岁、≥65岁组的病死率分别为6.45%(2/31)、2.56%(6/234)、5.11%(16/313)、13.95%(94/674),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=36.1871,P〈0.0001)。在118例AMI死亡病例中,泵衰竭77例(65.25%),心脏骤停21例(17.80%),心脏破裂13例(11.02%),心外原因(包括脑出血、消化道出血、肺炎等)7例(5.93%),死亡原因中泵衰竭比例最高。AMI介入患者与AMI非介入患者病死率分别为4.24%(39/920)、23.80%(79/332),心脏破裂发生率分别为0.33%(3/920)、3.01%(10/332)(χ^2分别为109.2943、20.0717,P均〈0.0001)。在AMI患者中心脏破裂的发生率为1.04%(13/1252),女性患者的心脏破裂发生率为2.91%(9/309),男性为0.42%(4/943)(χ^2=14.0254,P〈0.0001)。AMI死亡距发病时间〈24h者占23.72%(28/118),24h~1周占55.93%(66/118),1—4周占20.34%(24/118)。广泛前壁、前间壁、下壁、侧壁、后壁、非ST段抬高性心肌梗死的病死率分别为12.47%(59/473)、9.23%(12/130)、6.73%(28/416)、8.70%(4/46)、5.97%(4/67)、9.17%(11/120)(χ^2=9.6675,P=0.0852)。结论高龄是AMI患者死亡的重要危险因素,死亡多发生于病程早期,泵衰竭是主要死亡原因�
Objective To analyze causes of death and risk factors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods 118 AMI patients who died (selected from 1252 hospitalized patients with AMI from January 2003 to June 2008 ) were retrospectively enrolled for analysis of risk factors and death causes. Results The overall mortality of hospitalized patients with AMI was 9.42% ( 118/1252 ). The mortality rate in the males was 8.91% (84/943) while in the females was 11.00% (34/309)which was higher than the males but there was no statistical difference (P = 0. 2739). Mortality rate rose along with age and showed significant statistical difference (P 〈 0. 0001 ) among different age group[ 〈40 yrs: 6. 45% (2/31),40 -54:2. 56% (6/234),55 -64: 5. 11% (16/313), ≥ 65 : 13.95% (94/674) ]. Pump failure occurred in 77 cases (65.25%) which was the main cause of death,cardiac arrest occurred in 21 cases( 17.80% )and heart rupture in 13 cases (11.02% ). There existed other causes of death including cerebral hemorrhage, digestive tract bleeding and pneumonia in 7 cases (5.93 % ). The mortality of patients with PCI was 4.24% ( 39/920 ) while 23.80% (79/332) of those without PCI ( P 〈 0.0001 ). Rate of cardiac rupture was 1.04% ( 13/1252), 2.91% (9/309) in females and 0.42% (4/943)in males (P 〈0.0001 ). The time was 〈 24 h(23.72% ,28/liB)when death occurred from onset, 24 h - 1 week (55.93% ,66/118) and 1 -4 week (20.34% ,24/118 ). There was no statistical difference of mortality related to different infarction locations [ antior 12.47% (59/473) ,anteroseptal 9.23% (12/130) ,inferior 6.73% (28/416) ,lateral 8.70% (4/46) ,ventricle postwall 5.97% (4/67), and ST-segmental elevated myocardial infarction 9.17 % ( 11/120 ) ( P = 0. 0852 ) ]. Conclusions There is a high mortality in aged patients with AMI with heart failure as the most common cause of death which usually occurs at early stage of AMI. The fema
出处
《中国综合临床》
2009年第3期244-246,共3页
Clinical Medicine of China
关键词
急性心肌梗死
危险因素
心脏破裂
泵衰竭
Acute myocardial infarction
Risk factors
Cardiac rupture
Pump failure