摘要
对锡金龙竹鲜笋的矿物质、微量元素、蛋白质、粗纤维、总糖和氨基酸的含量进行了分析测定,并与版纳甜龙竹、勃氏甜龙竹、马来甜龙竹和麻竹竹笋以及6种常用蔬菜的相应含量进行了比较。结果表明:锡金龙竹鲜笋的蛋白质、脂肪、粗纤维、总糖及二氧化硫含量分别为227.7 g/kg,24.6 g/kg,82.7 g/kg,209.3 g/kg和2.65 g/kg,其蛋白质、粗脂肪含量与4种甜龙竹竹笋相当,蛋白质明显高于常用蔬菜,而粗脂肪含量略低于常用蔬菜。其每kg竹笋干物质中矿质元素和微量元素的含量为:P 9.33 g,Ca 42.33 g,K 367.67 g,Mg14.33 g,Fe 5.0 g,Zn 4.6 g,Cu 1.0 g,Mn 3.8 g,略低或接近于4种甜龙竹竹笋,但明显高于所有参试的常用蔬菜。其锌铜比值为4.60,锌铁比值为0.92,说明锡金龙竹鲜笋所含的铜、铁、锌的比值是比较合理的。其蛋白质中含有17种氨基酸,包括9种人体必需氨基酸,总氨基酸(TAA)、人体必需氨基酸(EAA)和人体非必需氨基酸(NEAA)的含量分别为182.17 g/kg,54.39 g/kg,78.67 g/kg,都高于所有参试的常用蔬菜,其氨基酸总量略高于4种甜龙竹的竹笋。其所含的人体必需氨基酸占总氨基酸(EAA/TAA)的29.86%,人体必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为69.14,符合FAO推荐的理想蛋白模式,其第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,即蛋氨酸和胱氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸为异亮氨酸。认为,锡金龙竹鲜笋中富含矿质元素、微量元素和氨基酸,其粗蛋白质与粗纤维含量明显高于粗脂肪含量,属高蛋白、高纤维、低脂型且营养丰富、具有很高开发潜力的野生食用竹笋。
The contents of mineral elements, trace elements, proteins, coarse fiber, total sugar and amino acids were determined, and the nutritional composition of Dendrocalamus sikkimensis was compared with D. hamiltonii, D. brandisii, D. asper, D. latiflorus and six popular vegetables. The determination results showed that the contents of proteins, fats, coarse fiber, total sugar and SO2 were 222.7 g/kg, 24.6 g,/kg, 82. 7 g/kg, 209.3 g/kg and 2. 65 g/kg respectively. The contents of proteins and fats were similar to other, four bamboo species, the content of protein was significantly higher than vegetables, whereas the content of fat was lower than vegetables. The amounts of mineral elements and trace elements in one kilogram of dry matter of D. sikkimensis bamboo shoot were P 3.33g, Ca 42.33g, K 367.67g, Mg 14. 33g, Fe 5.0g, Zn 4. 6g, Cu 1.0g, Mn 3.8g, the contents were similar to other tested four bamboo species, however significantly higher than the contents in vegetables. The ratio of Zn/Cu was 4. 6 and the ratio of Zn/Fe was 0. 82, were all desirable. The proteins in D. sikkimensis contained 17 kinds of amino acids, including 9 kinds of essential amino acids （EAA）. The contents of total amino acid, EAA and nonessential amino acid （NEAA） were 182. 17 g/kg, 54.39 g/kg and 78.67 g/kg respectively, all higher than the vegeta- bles. The total contents of amino acids were higher than other four bamboo species. The percentage of EAA was 29.86 %, the ratio of EAA./NEAA was 69. 14, met the protein pattern recommended by FAO. The first limiting amino acid of the shoot protein was the amino acid containing sulfur （ Met ＋ Cys）, and the second limiting amino acid was lie.
出处
《西部林业科学》
CAS
2009年第1期48-54,共7页
Journal of West China Forestry Science
基金
国家科技部科技基础条件平台项目(2004DKA30400-05-01-02)
关键词
锡金龙竹
竹笋营养成分
分析与评价
Dendrocalamus sikkimensis
bamboo shoot
nutritional component
analysis and assessment
