摘要
目的探讨高温期间县(区)级医院和乡镇医院内科住院病人疾病谱的特点及其存在的差异。方法收集重庆地区2所县(区)级医院和4所乡镇医院2005—2007年连续3年7—8月内科住院病例疾病资料,描述疾病谱的特点,并进行对比分析。气象资料,包括日最高气温、日平均温度、相对湿度、24h降水量、24h蒸发量,来源于当地气象局。结果2006年7—8月的高温程度明显强于相邻两年同期。2005—2007年连续3年7—8月城乡医院内科住院病例年龄、性别构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。县(区)级医院和乡镇医院的急性上呼吸道感染、肺炎和急性支气管炎在2005—2007年7—8月的疾病顺位连续3年均进入前4位,且急性上呼吸道感染、急性支气管炎、急性胃肠炎、胃及十二指肠疾病和阑尾疾病的构成比在2006年7—8月均高于其他两年同期。乡镇医院的中暑及脑血管疾病构成比在2006年7—8月均明显高于其他两年,而在县(区)级医院未发现明显差异。结论高温期间,急性上呼吸道感染、肺炎和急性支气管炎在城乡医院均是高发的内科疾病;在极端高温期间,中暑及脑血管疾病发病相对增多且在乡镇医院较县(区)级医院明显。
Objective To know the profile of diseases in the inpatients in the department of internal medicine in the city hospitals and small town hospitals during the period of high temperature. Methods The descriptive method was adopted to analyze the profile of diseases in the inpatients in the department of internal medicine in 2 city hospitals and 4 small town hospitals during July-August in 2006, Chongqing, and the results were compared with those of the same periods in 2005 and 2007. Results Compared with that in 2005 and 2007, the weather temperature in July-August in 2006 was much higher. The profile of diseases showed a rank as follows, the acute upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia and acute bronchitis, ranked the top 4 in the inpatients during the high temperature. The ratio of acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis, acute gastroenteritis, disease of stomach and duodenum and disease of appendix in 2006 was higher than that in the other two years in both this two types of hospital. The ratio of heatstroke and cerebrovascular disease in 2006 was higher than that in the other two years in small town hospitals, while there was no the same result in the city hospitals. Conclusion During the period of high temperature, the incidence rate of the acute upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia and acute bronchitis increased significantly in both city hospitals and small town hospitals. While within the extremely high temperature phase, the incidence rate of heatstroke and cerebrovascular diseases in small town hospitals was relatively higher than that in the city hospitals.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期226-228,共3页
Journal of Environment and Health
关键词
气象因素
高温
疾病谱
住院病例
Meteorological factors
High temperature
Profile of diseases
Inpatients
