摘要
讨论了陕北黄土高原既毁窑又伤人的伤亡性黄土崩塌的类型、前兆、时空分布特征，着重分析了这类崩塌形成原因。在地质环境十分脆弱的陕北黄土地区，由于在黄土斜坡上切层开挖，平基建宅，严重地破坏了自然边坡的稳定平衡条件，导致伤亡性黄土崩塌频繁发生。因此，加强对黄土宅基边坡的科学管理和预防并采取削坡减重和排水等工程措施当是恢复宅基边坡稳定、减少崩塌灾害的关键。
In this paper the casualty loess landfall are classified into two types according to their modes of development: tension-sliding loess landfall and collapsed earth cave dwelling .The former is distributed mainly over the base of slope and semi slopes of groove valleys,where some arch cave dwellings were destroyed by it ;the latter is distributed over the side slopes of Yuan(a loess tableland),Liang(an elongated loess mound)and Mao(a around loess mound).Before occurrence of the casualty loess landfall,there are generally some foretastes of landfall(such as the fissures on the slope,frequent fall of earth block,and abnormal phenomena of animal,etc.).In the Northern Shaanxi,casualty loess landfall often occurred during the sixth tenth month of the lunar year,and at night(9:00～12:00 PM)in a day.The casualty loess landfall is produced mainly by following three factors:① The Later Pleistocene loess which has special lithological characters(such as the coarse grains,weak cementation , loose texture,and low strength ,etc.)constitutes the engineering geological condition of this landfall;② Human cut a terrace of building houses in the loess slope,which results in the unstability of side slope and inducement of casualty landfall;③ The precipitation is often a factor of trigger.Therefore,to strengthen scientific management of the house side slope,to cut the top of loess slope and to drain terrene water are the key measures to control casualty loess landfall.
出处
《岩土工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第1期64-69,共6页
Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
黄土
伤亡性崩塌
崩塌
成因
防治
loess,casualty loess landfall,slope of foundation of a building,prevention and cure.
