摘要
目的探讨尿毒症肺炎的临床特征及发病机制,以早期诊断,避免漏诊,积极治疗。方法回顾分析尿毒症肺炎患者33例的临床表现、胸部X线特征及治疗情况。结果33例尿毒症肺炎患者中,有呼吸道症状者27例,且呼吸道症状较轻,以咳嗽、咳痰及呼吸困难为主;X线胸片以肺淤血、肺间质水肿、肺泡性肺水肿和胸膜炎为主要征象;接受血液透析治疗20例中死亡1例(5.00%),余患者症状均有明显好转;未进行血液透析治疗者13例,死亡6例(46.15%),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论尿毒症肺炎临床表现不典型,其发病机制复杂,部分尿毒症肺炎患者无呼吸道症状,胸部X线检查对早期发现尿毒症肺炎有一定帮助,早期充分性血液透析是治疗尿毒症肺的根本措施。
OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinical traits and pathogenesis of uremic pneumonia for early diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis and give effective treatment. METHODS The clinical manifestation, chest X-ray characteristics and treatment in 33 cases of uremic pneumonia patients were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS In 33 cases of uremic pneumonia patients, 27 cases had main respiratory symptoms such as cough, much phlegm and respiratory difficulties. The main signs of chest X-ray were pulmonary hemostasis, pulmonary interstitial edema, pulmonary alveolar edema and pleuritis. In 20 cases of receiving hemodialysis treatment, 1 case was dead （5.00%）. The symptoms of other patients were significantly improved. In 13 cases without hemodialysis treatment, 6 cases were dead （46.15%）, the difference was significant （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The clinical manifestations of uremic pneumonia patients are untypical. Its pathogenesis is complicated,part of uremic pneumonia patients are with no respiratory symptoms. The chest X-ray check is to some extent helpful for early diagnosis. The earlier hemodialysis treatment is one of the fundamental measures to treat uremic pneumonia.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期389-391,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
尿毒症肺炎
临床特点
血液透析
Uremic pneumonia
Clinical traits
Hemodialysis
