摘要
【目的】通过对影响玉米种子微波间歇干燥因素的研究,寻求适合玉米种子微波间歇干燥的条件。【方法】通过对干燥过程种子含水量和干燥后种子发芽率的测定,对影响玉米种子微波干燥各个因素,包括微波输出时间比、种子初始含水量、微波承载重量和微波干燥功率进行研究。【结果】微波干燥功率和微波输出时间比是影响微波间歇干燥玉米的关键因素,其中在700W和800W微波干燥功率下,10%是较好的微波输出时间比,但在800W微波不间断干燥条件下,种子含水量应≤16.38%,在700W微波不间断干燥条件下,种子含水量应≤17.29%。在800W功率、10%和20%微波输出时间比条件下,采用间断干燥模式可以对初始含水量18%种子干燥,可分别根据公式y1=23.9160e-0.1426x1+3.4943e-0.0114x1(10%微波输出时间比)和y2=2.0466+11.1693e-0.2457x2+9.306e-0.2457x2(20%微波输出时间比),计算在不同间断干燥时间下初始含水量18%种子干燥至13.5%的水分,不同间断干燥时间下所需要的干燥次数。种子承载重量为300g时,微波干燥速率最快,但对种子损伤也最厉害。【结论】微波干燥功率、微波输出时间比、种子含水量、种子承载重量等对种子的微波干燥都有显著影响,依据以上研究结果选择适当的微波干燥条件和方式能达到种子干燥和保障种用价值的目的。
[ Objective] The experiment was carded out to study the factors affecting intermittent microwave drying on maize seeds, to research the optimal conditions for drying maize seed. [Method] Many factors affecting seed moisture content and seed germination in the processing of microwave drying were studied, which included time ratio of intermittent microwave, primary moisture of seed, loading weight in drying and microwave drying power. [Result] Microwave drying power and time ratio of intermittent microwave were the key factors affecting intermittent microwave drying on maize seeds. The preferable time ratio of intermittent microwave was 10% on the condition of 700W or 800W of microwave output power. But in continuous drying, the seed moisture shouldn＇t be more than 16.38% at 800W output power and not more than 17.29% at 700W output power. On the condition of discontinuous microwave drying, maize seeds of primary moisture content 18% can be dried with output power 800W and 10% or 20% time ratio of intermittent microwave. In different processing times of discontinuous microwave drying, drying times could be calculated with formulation y1=23.9160e^-0.1426x1＋3.4943e^-0.0114x1 （10% of time ratio of intermittent microwave） and formulation y2=2.0466＋11.1693e^-0.2457x2＋9.306e^-0.2457x2 （20% of time ratio of intermittent microwave） respectively, for maize seed moisture reduced from 18% to 13.5%. The biggest drying rate was observed when loading weight was 300 g, but the damage of seed was the most serious at this very moment. [Conclusion] There were many factors affecting drying seed efficiency, such as microwave drying power, time ratio of intermittent microwave, primary seed moisture, loading weight in processing, and pattern. Selecting proper conditions and mode of microwave processing according to the above results, the purpose of ensuring seed drying efficiency and planting value could be achieved.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第1期340-348,共9页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家"973"计划前期研究专项(2007CB116208)
关键词
微波
间歇干燥
玉米种子
间断干燥
intermittent microwave
drying characteristics
maize seed
germination percentage
