摘要
环境犯罪是否适用严格责任是刑法理论界长期存在较大争议的一个理论难题。严格责任引入环境犯罪固然有助于严厉打击环境犯罪、减轻检控机关证明责任、提高诉讼效率等司法效益,但同时也必然带来扩大对环境犯罪的打击面、突破传统刑法罪过理论以及随意出入罪等司法弊端。而现代刑事法治的一个基本要求是要在惩罚犯罪和保障人权之间保持平衡,以牺牲人权保障来换取惩罚犯罪的司法成效是得不偿失的。环境犯罪中引入严格责任同样必须合理平衡惩罚犯罪和保障人权这两大诉讼目的,应当严格控制环境犯罪适用严格责任,即只能为了有效保护被害人和社会公共利益而在有限的范围内使用,必须受到法定条件的严格规范,且必须重视推定等证明方法的贯彻和运用。
In the early 1990s, some scholars have proposed the application of strict liability in the environmental criminal law system. The debate on this issue continued to the present. Some indicate that criminal strict liability pays great attention on person＇s life, health and future generation＇s right to life. Applying strict liability is to stop crime, punish criminals. Applying strict liability fits the purpose of penalties, it is not only beneficial to special prevention, but also plays the role of prevention in general. Applying strict liability can effectively improve judicial efficiency. But someone argue that environmental crime, in particular environmental crime, is accompanied by a human and sacio - economic development of the negative effects, most of which have their own economic activities of social public welfare, environmental hazards prevention and treatment also depends on the community multi - function, multi - channel. The theory of strict liability try to expand the scope of punishment to protect the public interest, although it emphasis on the protection of the interests of the community, it ignores the protection of human rights of citizens. By contrast the two sides of the views of scholars, the author put forward the views that strict liability is not suitable for our environmental crime at present.
出处
《法学论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第1期99-103,共5页
Legal Forum
关键词
环境犯罪
严格责任
归责原则
刑法谦抑
environmental crime
strict liability
analysis and comparison
