摘要
目的研究分析引起医院感染的主要病原菌及耐药性,为感染性疾病诊治、合理使用抗菌药物、有效控制医院感染提供依据。方法对2007年临床标本培养出7381株病原菌及药敏试验结果进行统计分析。结果病原菌以大肠埃希菌、念珠菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、不动杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、肠球菌为主。革兰阴性杆菌占59.0%,革兰阳性球菌占30.0%,念珠菌11.0%。阳性球菌(除屎肠球菌外)对万古霉素、链阳霉素(奎奴普丁/达福普定)、替考拉宁、呋喃妥因抗菌药物非常敏感,敏感率达90%以上。但对青霉素类、头孢类、大环类脂类很耐药。阴性杆菌(除嗜麦芽假单胞菌外)对亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、左氧氟沙星比较敏感;白色念珠菌对氟康唑、两性霉素B、伊曲康唑、伏立康唑和5-氟胞嘧啶很敏感,但热带念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、光滑念珠菌有不同程度的耐药性,结论病原菌主要以耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、产超广谱β-内先胺酶大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌、耐青霉素肺炎链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主,且多数病原菌对常用抗菌药物耐药。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and drug-resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Sichuan Provincial People＇s our hospital, and to provide information for diagnosis and treatment of nosocomial infection, and for reasonable use of antibacterials and control of nosocomial infection. Method A total of 7 381 clinical isolates in 2007 and drug sensitivity test of each isolate were analyzed. Results The main pathogens were Escherichia coli, candida, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobaeter, Enterobaeter Cloacae, Pseudomonas maltophilia and enteroeoccus. Gram negative bacilli, Gram positive coccus and Candida accounted for 59.0% , 30.0% and 11.0% respectively. The sensitive rate of vancomycin, streptogramin, teicoplanin and furantoin against Gram positive cocci （ except for Enterococeus faecium ） was higher than 90% , while these baeteria were highly resistant to penicillins, eephalosporins and maerolides antibiotics. Gram negative bacilli （except for Pseudornonas maltophilia）were sensitive to imipen- em, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime, ceftazidime, levofloxaein. Candida albicans were sensitive to fluconazole, amphotericin B, itraconazole, vorieonazole and 5-flucytosine, but Candida tropiealis, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata were resistant to the antibiotics to some degree. Conclusion The main isolates are MRSA, ESBLs positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and most of them are resistant to routine antibiotics.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2009年第1期30-32,共3页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
医院病原菌
流行特点
耐药性
Pathogenic bacteria in hospital
Epidemio-Logical characteristics
Drug-resistance
