摘要
目的评估儿科急诊观察室的功能。方法回顾性分析2006年1月至12月温州医学院附属第二医院儿科急诊观察室的病历记录和儿内科住院患者的出院诊断。用率的95%置信区间表示疾病在观察室的使用及从观察室转病区的需要。用优势比(oddsratios,OR)及95%置信区间表示某些疾病对观察室利用的优势。结果观察室床位45张,收住患者5471人次,病区床位348张,收住患者12881人次,观察室收住患者数是病区的42.5%,平均每床1年收住患者122人,是病区的3倍。观察室出院3879人次(70.9%),转病区住院1592人次(29.1%)。观察室患者年龄中位数7岁,≤2岁占65.6%。住院时间中位数95.7h。呼吸和消化系统疾患是留住观察室患者最常见的疾病,分别占患者总数的40.3%和17.5%。观察室利用率高的疾病分别为:喉炎73/75(97.3%);中毒277/285(97.2%);哮喘128/133(96.2%);高热惊厥251/271(92.6%);肠炎伴脱水618/726(85.1%);无热惊厥274/365(75.1%);上呼吸道感染486/624(77.9%)。上述疾病对观察室利用的优势与对病区利用的优势比较:中毒OR43.2(26.1,71.6),P〈0.01;喉炎OR15.7(8.3,29.7),P〈0.01;哮喘OR10.5(7.0,15.8),P〈0.01;高热惊厥OR8.5(6.5,11.1),P〈0.01;无热惊厥OR2.6(2.2,3.1),P〈0.001;上呼吸道感染OR1.0(0.9,1.1),P=0.591,肠炎伴脱水OR1.0(0.9,1.1),P=0.919,两者对观察室和病区的利用优势无明显区别。结论儿科急诊观察室在儿科、尤其婴幼儿患者常见疾病的观察、治疗和住院周转等方面具有容量大、周转快、每床利用率高的特点,并为儿科某些特定疾病的治疗提供了一个新的选择空间。在门急诊容量很大的儿童医院扩建观察室是对医院资源更有效的利用�
Objective To evaluate the functions of an emergency pediatric observation unit (OU). Method The OU located in the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children' Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, a pediatric tertiary care teaching hospital. The records of all patients admitted to OU and the discharge diagnoses of all patients of inpatient unit (IU) from January to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Odds ratios (OR) with 95 % CI was used to show the advantages of OU in some pediatric disorders. Results There were 45 beds in the OU,and 348 beds in the IU. The number of the patients in OU per year was 42.5% compared to IU (5471 vs. 12 881 ). The average number of patients in OU per bed in one year was 122, which was 3 times as much as the average number of patients in IU admission per bed ( 122 vs. 37). Totally 3879(70.9% ) patients in OU were discharged and 1592(29.1% ) were transferred. For the observation patients, the mean age was 7 years old, with 65.6% under or equal to 2 years old. The mean length of stay (LOS) in OU was 95.7 hours. Respiratory disor- ders (2204/5471, 40.3% ) and gastrointestinal problems (960/5471, 17.5% ) were the most common disease in OU. Of the total admission (IU and OU), diagnoses with high OU utilization were emup (73/75,97.3%), poisonings (277/285,97.2 % ), asthma ( 128/133,96.2 % ), seizure with high fever (274/365,75.1% ), enteritis/ dehydration (618/726,85.1% ), seizure with no fever(274/365,75.1% ) and acute respiratory infeetion (486/ 624,77.9% ). The likelihood of an OU admission for these illnesses versus IU admission (adjusted for subsequent need for IU admission) was poisonings OR 43.21 (26.1,71.6), P 〈 0.001; croup OR 15.7 (8.3,29.7), P 〈 0.001; asthma OR 10.5 (7.0,15.8), P 〈 0.001; seizure with high fever OR 8.5 (6.5,11.1), P 〈 0.001; seizure with no fever OR 2.6 (2.2,3.1), P 〈 0.001; acute respiratory infection OR 1.0 (0.9, 1.1), P = 0.591 ; enteri
出处
《中华急诊医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第1期74-78,共5页
Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
基金
基金项目:浙江省康恩贝医院管理软科学研究项目(2007AZHA-KEB317)
关键词
儿科急诊观察室
功能评价
回顾性调查
疾病谱
Pediatric emergency OU
Function evaluation
Retrospective cohort review
Sepectrum of disease