摘要
在江苏省如皋市六个时期土壤几种肥力性质资料的基础上,本文讨论了该市过去30年来土壤肥力性质和土壤综合肥力的时空演变。结果表明,30年来该市的土壤有机质和有效磷含量不断增加,且增加趋势明显;土壤全氮亦增加,但近年来已趋于稳定;土壤速效钾含量一直在较低水平上徘徊。作为土壤肥力综合质量指标的内梅罗质量指数,在空间上,无论在何时期,均是以分布于东部的水耕人为土(白蒲系)和南部的潮湿雏形土(长青沙系)为最高;分布于中西部的干润雏形土(郭园系)和潮湿雏形土(磨头系、桃园系)最低;分布于东北部、西北部及南部的潮湿雏形土(搬经系、东陈系、张黄港系、营防系)土壤肥力质量综合指数处于中间。30年间全市土壤肥力质量指数总体上呈增长态势,但各地区变化趋势略有不同。1974年至1982年全市土壤肥力质量综合指数未有明显变化;1982年～1997年中部增长较快,而南部、东部增长较慢。1997年～2004年东、南部增长速度较快而中部增长较慢。30年来尽管土壤肥力质量整体得到改善,但由于影响土壤肥力质量综合指数变化的核心因素是土壤有机质,所以,综合质量指数的变化并不能反映由于养分的不平衡(钾的缺乏)导致的近年来粮食产量的徘徊。未来在保持目前管理条件使土壤整体质量得到提高外,还应当注意养分的平衡管理,使该市的粮食产量得到进一步提高。
Based on the dataset of soil fertility properties at 6 different times in Rugao County, Jiangsu Province, this paper evaluated spatial and temporal variability of soil fertility properties and their integrated fertility quality during past 30 years in the county. The results indicated that during past 30 years soil organic matter and available P significantly increased and would have further increasing trend; soil total nitrogen increased as well but had been stable in recent years; soil available K always changed at a low level. Spatially, Nemoro integrating soil fertility quality indexes were higher in the Stagnic Anthrosols （Baipu soil） and Aquic Cambosols （Changqingsha soil） in south part of the county than the Ustic Cambosols （Guoyuan soil） and Aquic Cambosols （Motou and Taoyuan soils） in central-west part of the county. Those are middle in the Aquic Cambosols （Banjing, Dongchen, Zhanghuanggang, and Yingfang soils） in north and south part of the county. Generally, integrated soil fertility quality indexes generally had increased in past 30 years in the county, but increased indexes were different among various areas. The changes of integrated soil fertility indexes were not significant from 1974 to 1982, while they increased more quickly in central-west parts than south and east parts during 1982 to 1997, and inverse trends were true during 1997 to 2004. In conclusion, even though soil fertility quality has been generally improving since 1980＇s, increased integrated soil fertility quality indexes are not able to reflect the stagnation of increased crop yield in recent years. This is because integrated soil fertility quality index is mostly dependent on soil organic matter not balance of soil nutrients. In the future, soil fertility management would emphasize nutrient balances （i.e. improvement of K deficiency） based on keeping present management measures and quality increases, improving further crop yields in the county.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第1期66-71,共6页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
中国科学院南京土壤研究所知识创新工程领域前沿项目(ISSASIP0604)
关键词
江苏如皋
土壤
肥力质量
演变
Spatial and temporal variability
Soil fertility quality
Rugao
