摘要
乾隆十三年详备满文篆书三十二体,并将其中十体应用于玺印谥宝,形成中国历史上字体最多且最富民族特点的民族文篆字与汉文篆字合璧之玺印制度。满文篆字于清代合璧玺印中通用达174年之久,从帝后玺宝到百官印信,其中不乏生造、讹形、脱衍、错位、混体甚至缺文等失误,乾隆时代即现端倪,以降诸帝亦步其踪迹,尤以光绪时为烈,其末年竟然达到无以复加的程度,在极个别的官印中满文篆字俨然形同虚设的装饰点缀,完全丧失了传达信息的功能。
Among the 32 styles of Manchu Zhuan Characters provided in the 13th Year of Qianlong, 10 of them were used in the Emperors＇ Seals which initiated a writing system both full of ethnic specialty and rich in number written side by side with Chinese Zhuan characters. The Manchu Zhuan Characters were used up to 174 years in jointed royal seals with Manchu and Chinese characters, from the seals of emperor and queen to the officials among which there were no lack of such errors as man - made inventing, wrong form and so on. The situation first appeared in Qianlong Reign, and was traced by the following emperors. It had reached top in Guangxu Reign, especially in his late years, the Manchu Zhuan Characters in several seals had been used merely for show completely loosing the function of communicating information.
出处
《满语研究》
2008年第2期41-53,共13页
Manchu Studies
关键词
清代玺印
满文篆字
舛误
Royal Seals of Qing Dynasty
Manchu Zhuan Characters
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