摘要
本文开展了凹唇壁蜂Osmia excavata(Alfken)授粉技术在云南高原苹果产区的研究与应用,结果表明:凹唇壁蜂在高海拔、低纬度的苹果种植区能正常发育与繁殖,田间羽化率可达88.8%,雌雄比1:3,雌蜂繁殖率1:5.36,蜂管可单用芦苇本色,不需染色处理;长15cm的蜂管能满足凹唇壁蜂繁殖要求。昭通市的放蜂时间可确定在3月10日至4月中下旬凹唇壁蜂繁殖基本结束。壁蜂授粉区的座果率、果形周正率、果形指数分别达到了79.9%、73.44%、0.84,分别比对照区增加31.32%、44.11%、0.05,苹果外观质量得到了明显改善,示范效果显著。利用壁蜂授粉已成为高原优质苹果生产的一项关键新技术。
Application of Osmia excavata for pollination of apple was conducted in cultivated apple plants of Zhaotong, Yunnan. The results showed that O. excavata was able to develop and reproduce normally in the high altitude and low latitude area. Field emergence rate of the wall bee was 88.8 %, the ratio of male and female was 1 ： 3, the rate of reproductive female was 1 ： 5.36, and the reed native color and 15 cm longth can meet the breeding requirement. The released and collected time of the wall bee was about on 10th, March and mid - late of April, respectively, in Zhaotong city. Pollination rate, fruit setting rate, regular fruit form rate, and index of fruit reached 79.94 % , 73.44 % , and 0.84 in the wasp released orchards, respectively, and there has been an increase of 31.32%, 44. 11%, and 0.05, respectively, comparing with the wall bee unreleased orchards. The apples appearance qualities have been improved obviously. At the same time, the effect of experiment was significant in apple orchards. So, pollination technology of using O. excavata has become a key new technology of quality apple production in Yunnan plateau.
出处
《环境昆虫学报》
CSCD
2008年第4期344-349,共6页
Journal of Environmental Entomology
基金
昭通市财政农业产业开发资金资助项目
关键词
凹唇壁蜂
授粉
苹果
云南
Osmia excavata
pollination technique
apple
altiplano
