摘要
灰霉病是月季在低温、高湿条件下的常见病害,多发于冬季大棚及冷库的花朵及花枝上。传统上常用杀菌剂来防治,防治效果并不理想。试验利用BYM制备的有机物发酵液进行叶面喷施,结果表明:喷施发酵液的防治效果较雷多米儿及水分别降低14.82%、62.11%,而在花杯高度、花杯直径、花枝高度、叶片面积及插瓶寿命等方面都有不同程度的提高。试验同时还通过对发酵液的过滤分离、微波处理、孢子萌发、菌丝生长抑制等方面的试验,表明发酵液的防病机制是:发酵液中具有抑制病源孢子萌发、菌丝生长以及促进、保护月季叶片细胞的物质,一方面抑制孢子的萌发及菌丝的生长,另一方面提高植物的活性、降低病原菌对宿主细胞的危害;同时发酵液中的活性菌占据植物表面的生长生态位,降低病原菌在植株表面的附着,从而抑制月季灰霉病的发生。试验对保护地切花月季的灰霉病防治提供了一种新思路。
Botrytis are probably the most common and most wildly diseases of cut rose which appeared at flower and stem in greenhouse and cooling room at low temperature and high humidity condition. In traditional horticulture, the germicide was used to prevent the diseases to happened, the results were not very ideality. In this experiment, the organic ferment solution preparation from BYM was used to prevent botrytis in cut rose at greenhouse via foliage spring of the preparation. The results showed that the prevent impact, diseases frequency and disease index was lower when spring the va- rious preparation including whole ferment solution, filtration solution or filtration（ferment microbe） then that of comparison, metalaxyl which was used commonly in tradition for botrytis prevent, the former＇ prevent impact increased 14. 82% and 62. 11% then that of metalaxyl and water. The result also showed that after spring the organic ferment solution, the height of flower cup, diameter of flower, stem length of flower, area of leaf and vase life was improved at various levels. Through series experiments based separate the ferment solution, treat the different composite of ferment by microwave, and it＇s effect on spore germination and mycelial growth,et al, we suggested the prevent mechanism of organic ferment solution for botrytis was complexion, it＇s function may be concerning with it＇s biosynthesis material and microbe. The biosynthesis material could restrain the spore germination and growth of mycelial on one side, and on the other side it could promote the physiological activity of plant. The microbe could hold the ecological position in exterior of plant,decreased the attachment of pathogeny, so could restrain the happen of botrytis in cut rose. The technique used in the experiment was very simple, so it could be a very practicality in usage.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第11期157-161,共5页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国家科技部科技支撑资助项目(2007BAD87B12)
云南师范大学生物资源研究所重点资助项目(YSR-2006/2)
