摘要
目的分析尿路感染易感因素、病原体的分布、体外药物敏感结果,以期为尿路感染的经验治疗及抗生素选择有提供临床参考。方法回顾性分析220例尿路感染住院患者的易感因素、病原学分布、常见病原体药物敏感试验。结果尿培养193例,57例阳性,阳性率29.5%,检出病原体62株,病原体以革兰阴性杆菌多见,占46.8%,其中大肠埃希菌占革兰阴性杆菌的69%,革兰阳性球菌和真菌也较常见,真菌检出达25.8%。大肠埃希菌药敏实验提示,亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、丁胺卡那未见耐药菌株;阿莫西林克拉维酸钾次之。头孢他啶及头孢吡肟有约1/3耐药。耐药率在50%以上的依次为:氨苄西林(占84.2%)、环丙沙星(占71.4%)、左氧氟沙星(占64.3%)、头孢唑林(占64.3%)、复方新诺明(占60.0%)、庆大霉素(占50.0%)。革兰阳性球菌除万古霉素、替考拉宁未见耐药株外,其他几种都有不同程度的耐药;真菌除两性霉素B外,其他也有耐药菌株产生,特比奈芬耐药性最高。结论尿路感染以革兰阴性杆菌为主要致病菌,常见病原菌耐药较严重,选择抗生素应有针对性,及时调整抗生素;真菌感染不容忽视。
Objective This study aims to evaluate risk factors and uropathogen and Antimicrobial susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents in patients with urinary tract infection （UTI） in Beijing Friendship hospital. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 220 patients with UTI in our hospital from January 2004 to December 2005. Antimierubial susceptibility to commonly used an timicrobial agents was determined. Results Urine culture was performed in 193 of 220 cases. 57 （29.5%） were culture positive. Gram - negtive baccilia was commen （46. 8% ） . Escherichia coil was the leading cause of UTI among in this group of patients. Postive rate of fungus was 25.8%. antibiotic sensitivity testing of Escherichia coli indicaded there no resistance to imipenem and meropenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin . Amoxicillin/Clavulanate resistance was only 7.7%. Ceftazidime was and Cefepim resistance ranged from 31.3% to 33.3%. The agents resistance great than 50% was observed in Ampicillin （84.2%） and ciprofloxacin （71.4% ） and levofloxacin （64.3 % ）. Ampicillin （ 84. 2% ） resistance were the most frequent. Condnsinn Escherichia coli is still the leading cause of UTI. The resistance to agents commonly used as empirical treatments for UTI was extremely high. Levels of resistance to ampiciUin and ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin render them unsuitable for empirical use. Continued surveillance and investigation of other agents for treatment of UTI is required.
出处
《临床和实验医学杂志》
2008年第11期30-32,共3页
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
关键词
尿路感染
伴随疾病
病原学
药物敏感性
Urinary tract infection
Accompanying diseases
Etiology
Drug sensitivity
