摘要
以山西省翼城县"滦池"泉域为中心,对前近代华北乡村社会水权的形成过程及特点作了实证分析,指出前近代华北乡村社会初始水权的分配原则并非绝对平均主义,也非单纯以土地多寡、需水多少为依据,而是综合了多方面的因素,这些因素既有自然因素,也有传统文化因素。水权由此具有等级性、不公平不合理性等外部特征。以村庄集体为单位分配水权的形式,表明前近代华北乡村社会的水权本身是非常明晰的,并不存在界定困难的问题。因此,明清以来水利纠纷不断并非水权界定困难造成的,从根本上讲应是资源稀缺和配置不合理的结果。
Based on the example of Luanchi（滦池）-springs region, the paper analyzed the formation and character of water right in North-China rural society in pre-modern. It points that the principle of allotting water right includes many kinds of factors, neither absolutely equalitarianism, nor the quantity of land and water demands. On the contrary, It includes not only nature factors , but also traditional culture factors. The character of water right is classified, unfair and unreasonable. Village collective is the basic unit of allotting water right. It shows that water right itself was very clear in North-China rural society in pre-modern. The difficulty to define water right doesn＇t exist. Water cases happened often since Ming and Qing Dynasty is because the scarcity of water resource and also water resource can＇t be allotted reasonably.
出处
《中国历史地理论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第4期115-120,共6页
Journal of Chinese Historical Geography
基金
第40批中国博士后科研基金项目"近代晋陕豫乡村水利中的非正式制度"
(20060406024)
关键词
前近代
华北
水权
滦池
泉域
pre-rnodern North China
water right
Luanchi （滦池）
springs-region
