摘要
以传热学的理论为基础,以机床进给系统滚珠丝杠为例子,分析了热弹性现象产生的原因及其重要特征:频率保持特性、热变形的实时和整体性以及相移特性,并通过一维传热试验进一步验证了热动态特性的存在及变化规律。认为随着时间的增长,温升-热变形之间的关系会逐渐趋近稳态,但不可能获得绝对的稳态,因此热弹性效应环是不封闭的;在传热过程中,随着传热距离的增加,温度衰减很快,近点的热弹性效环应比远点的宽。提出了热动态特性包括温度响应特性和热变形响应特性的观点,认为热弹性现象是热动态特性中热变形响应特性导致的,并定义了能描述热动态特性的特征参数。
On the basis of heat transfer theory, taking the ballscrews of the feed system in machine tools as an example, we studied the causes and characteristics of thermal elasticity phenomenon, including frequency holding, thermal real-time and integrative deformation and phase shifting. By tests of unidimensional heat transfer, the changing rules of thermal dynamic characteristic are confirmed. We point out that the relationship between the thermal deformation and temperature rise will gradually reach a steady state, but it is impossible to be absolutely steady. Therefore, ＂the ring of thermal elasticity effect is not close. In the heat transfer process, temperature attenuates quickly owing to the increasing of transferring distance, and the ring of thermal elasticity effect in the near point is wider than the far point. The view that thermal dynamic characteristics include temperature response characteristic and thermal deformation response characteristic is put forward. It is proven that the thermal elasticity phenomenon is caused by thermal deformation response characteristic. Several parameters are defined to describe thermal dynamic characteristic.
出处
《机械科学与技术》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第10期1121-1126,共6页
Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB724101)
国家自然科学基金项目(50575087
50675076)
关键词
机床
滚珠丝杠
热弹性效应
热动态特性
machine tools
ballscrew
thermal elasticity effect
thermal dynamic characteristic
