摘要
【目的】研究人工纯林和混交林土壤中养分、微生物数量和酶活性的分布特征及三者的关系,为合理治理、改造人工纯林提供理论依据。【方法】在秦岭山区,对典型人工油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)、落叶松(Larixkaempferi)、锐齿栎(Quercus alienavar.acuteserrata)、灰楸(Catalpa fargesii)纯林及各混交林土壤的酶活性和微生物数量及土壤养分进行了定位监测。【结果】针阔混交林可提高土壤全N、速效N、全P和有机质含量;混交林土壤转化酶、脲酶活性平均值较人工纯林分别提高了16.66%和53.76%,针阔混交林土壤微生物总量平均值较针叶纯林提高95.87%,其中细菌数量提高幅度为104.47%,达显著性差异水平(P<0.05);土壤转化酶与脲酶、过氧化氢酶三者之间的相关性均达到显著水平(r<0.05),并与土壤细菌数量及土壤基本养分(全N、速效N、速效K和有机质含量)的相关性均达到显著或极显著水平;土壤放线菌与土壤全N、速效N、有机质含量和pH之间的相关性达到显著或极显著水平。【结论】针阔混交林能够显著提高土壤养分含量,并有利于提高土壤微生物数量及土壤微生物的再分配;土壤微生物数量及土壤酶活性能够及时反映土壤养分的变化趋势。
【Objective】 The research studied the distribution of soil nutrient,the quantity of microorganism,the enzyme activity and their relationships in pure and mixed artificial forests.【Method】 The soil enzyme activity quantity of microoganism and soil nutrition were measured in forest of Chinese pine（Pinus tabulaeformis）,larch（Larix kaempferi）,sharptooth oak（Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata）,manchurian catalpa（Catalpa fargesii） and their mixed forests in Qinling Mountain Area.【Result】 Compared with pure forests,the coniferous-broad leaved mixed forests enhanced total N,available N,total P,available K and O.M in the soil,promoted the activity invertase and urease by 16.66% and 53.76% respectively on the average level,increased the total quantity of total microorganism by 95.87% and the bacteria increased by 104.47%,reaching significantly different levels（P〈0.05）.The correlations of soil enzyme,the quantity of microorganism,and soil nutrient were significant（r〈0.05）,and the correlations of the quantity of soil bacteria,the basically nutrient prosperities（total N,available N,available K and O.M） were significant or very significant.The correlations of the quantity of soil actinomyces,and the soil total N,avaliable N,O.M and pH were significant or very significant.【Conclusion】 It is benefitial for enhancing soil nutrient,and increasing the quantity of microorganism;re-distribution of them by reasonable setting mixed forests,and the change of soil enzyme and the quantity of microorganism indicate the change tendency of soil nutrient.
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第10期88-94,共7页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30471376)
西北农林科技大学2005年人才计划项目
关键词
秦岭山区
人工纯林
混交林
土壤酶活性
土壤微生物
土壤养分
Qinling Mountain Area
artificial forest
mixed forest
soil enzyme activity
soil microorganism
soil nutrient
