摘要
距今800年前,长白山火山曾发生大规模喷发,性质为普林尼式喷发。长白山火山大爆发主要分为两个规模较大的喷发期和火山喷发柱垮塌事件以及其后的若干次小规模喷发,火山喷发释放的大量火山碎屑物在强劲偏西风的作用下主要沉积在长白山东坡,使这一区域的植被数次被毁灭。目前,长白山东坡自下至山上林线是长白落叶松林,与其他坡向的植被差异明显,造成这一现象的原因可能是由于火山喷发的影响。本文通过对泥炭层和火山灰中的花粉孢子分析及炭化木鉴定来还原历史植被,将历史植被的变化同火山活动联系起来,从大时间尺度探讨火山喷发前后长白山东坡植被变化以及火山喷发对植被变化的影响过程,阐明现时长白山东坡的长白落叶松林是火山喷发后形成的过渡性植被群落。
A great volcanic eruption with the characteristics of Plinian eruption was happened in Changbai Mountains 800 years ago. This eruption was classified into two large scale eruption periods and the thenceforth several small scale eruptions. Great amount of volcanic particles was released at the time of the outbreak. These particles were blown to the east by the strong deflective west wind, and mainly deposited on the eastern slope of Changbai Mountains, making the vegetation in this area experience extinction several times. The vegetation type on the eastern slope was larch （Larix olgensis） forest, which differed greatly from the vegetations on the other slopes, possibly due to the devastating damage of volcanic eruption to the vegetation on the eastern slope. In this study, the original vegetation on the eastern slope befoj＇e volcanic eruption was reverted through identifying the pollen spore and carbonized wood. The relationships between historical changes in vegetation and volcanic activities were analyzed, aimed to demonstrate the changes in vegetation on the eastern slope before eruption and the impacts of volcanic eruption on the evolution process of vegetation. It was suggested that larch forest is the transitional community established after the volcanic eruption.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第10期1771-1778,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCXZ-YW-416)
国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(90411020)
关键词
火山喷发
植被演替
孢粉
炭化木
volcanic eruption
vegetation succession
pollen and spore
carbonized wood.
