摘要
目的了解目前动物和人肠道共生的大肠埃希菌耐药性,分析其产生的原因。方法从甘肃、湖北、北京、山东、四川等地相对封闭的养殖场及养殖场附近的健康人群采集鸡、猪、鱼、人粪便样本,分离大肠埃希菌。用AP I20E鉴定条鉴定怀疑为大肠埃希菌的菌种,采用KB纸片法检测生化鉴定为大肠埃希菌的菌株的耐药性,利用WHONET 5.3软件进行药敏试验数据分析。用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术检测具有相似耐药谱型的大肠埃希菌菌株间的同源性。结果①共收集571株大肠埃希菌,其中从海水养殖鱼类和淡水养殖鱼类分离31株,另从海水养殖鱼类和淡水养殖鱼类分离嗜水气单胞菌株57株;②来源鸡的大肠埃希菌对所有检测的抗菌药物的耐药率最高;③除β-内酰胺类抗生素和阿米卡星外,鸡、猪和人来源菌株的耐药率表现为高、中、低现象,对老的一些抗菌药物和喹诺酮类抗菌药物尤其明显;不同地区分离株的耐药性也有较大的差异;④本次调查首次在国内养鸡场发现产ESBL大肠埃希菌,并且非常多见;⑤嗜水气单胞菌和大肠埃希菌的耐药性有较大的差异,47株耐药谱型相近的菌株中发现了三组基因水平同源性菌株(相似度大于95%)。结论①从不同地区、不同种类动物分离菌株的耐药性不同,与抗生素的使用情况相关。目前我国家禽养殖业滥用喹诺酮类和β-内酰胺类尤其是三代头孢菌素类抗生素的现象较为普遍,应该加以严格控制;②不同菌种的生物学特性不同,导致耐药性不同;③同源性分析发现耐药菌株可在同一种类动物间传播,不同类动物的大肠埃希菌之间可能存在耐药基因的水平传播;④应当加强养殖动物分离的大肠埃希菌耐药性监测。
Objectives To investigate the resistant profiles of Escherichia coli, the commensal intestinal isolates from pig, chicken, fish and healthy human beings. Methods E. coli isolates were recovered from fecal specimens of chicken, pig, fish and healthy human beings collected from farms of Gansu, Hubei, Shan- dong, Sichuan and Beijing areas. The isolates were identified by API20E system. The antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates were tested by K-B disk diffusion method, and the data were analyzed by WHONET5. 3 software. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) were applied to identify the homogeneity of 47 E. coli isolates which showed similar antimicrobial resistance profiles. Results Totally 571 E. coli isolates were recovered, include 31 seawater and freshwater cultivating fish isolates. Otherwise 57 Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from seawater and freshwater cultivating fish. The chicken isolates showed the highest resistant level compared to isolates from other sources. The antimierobials susceptibility of the isolates from chicken, pig and human were low,middling and high respectively (except beta-lactams and amikacin). At the same time, the antimicro- bials susceptibility of the isolates from five areas were different significantly. The extended-spectrum betalactamases ( ESBLs ) producing E. coli isolates were recovered from poultry farm. The resistant profiles of E. coli and Aeromonas hydrophila isolates collected from fish fecal specimens were different. With PFGE analy- sis, three group isolates were highly homogeneous. Conclusion Antimierobial resistance of the isolates were widely distributed in China. The drug-resistant isolates could transmit among animals of the same species, hor- izontal transfer of resistance genes from E. coli did occurred between animals of different species. It is important to survey antimicrobial susceptibility of the E. coli isolates from livestock farm.
出处
《中国抗生素杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第9期552-556,共5页
Chinese Journal of Antibiotics
基金
科技部社会公益研究专项资金
项目编号:2005DIB3J159
关键词
大肠埃希菌
养殖场
抗生素
耐药性
Escherichia coli
Livestock farm
Antimicrobial
Resistance