摘要
该文概述了近十余年来得到较多研究和发展的孔径阵列技术及其在射电天文中的应用,如高效馈源照明、扩大单反射面射电望远镜的视场、高效多波束、射频干扰抑制、对射电望远镜反射面缺陷的补偿等。随着孔径阵列(Aperture Array Tiles,简称AAT)技术的日益成熟和成本的降低,AAT技术有可能成为全新一代射电望远镜(例如无反射面射电望远镜和软件射电望远镜)的基石.
The AAT（Aperture Array Tiles）technique founded on micro-electronic IC has been extensively studied and well applied in radio astronomy in last ten years.The basic concept and some essential applications of the AAT are overviewed in this paper. Firstly the concept,the level-by-level structure and the basic performance structure of the AAT are briefly described.Then the basic principle and analysis method associated with the AAT and radio astronomy are introduced in seetion 2.The applicable scope of the AAT in radio astronomy is outlined in section 3 that includes high-efficiency illumination of the aperture, enlarging the field of view,realization of high-efficiency multibeam,RF interference nulling and compensation of deflection on the reflector of the radio telescope.Any application of the AAT would be influenced and restricted undoubtedly by operation frequency,phase error and system calibration that are discussed briefly in sections 4 and 6.The focus field distribution（FFD）is a key point of applying the AAT as illuminator of a reflector of radio telescopes.The applications of the FFD in enlarging the field of view and improving multi-beam efficiency of a radio telescope are illustrated in section 5.In section 7,the restrain or suppress of radio-frequency interference in radio observations by using the AAT technique is introduced in brief.Finally the possibility and restriction of applying the AAT in compensation and correction of any deflection on the reflector of radio telescopes are described. The AAT technique would be developed quickly and the cost would undoubtedly decrease in accordance with the Moore Law.It would be expected to become a foundation stone of some completely modern radio telescope,such as a software or reflectorless radio telescope.
出处
《天文学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期203-213,共11页
Progress In Astronomy
基金
国家自然科学基金委员会重点项目(10433029)
中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目(KJCX2-SW-T3)
关键词
射电天文学
射电望远镜
孔径阵列片
视场
多波束
radio astronomy
radio telescope
aperture array tile（AAT）
field of view
multibeam
