摘要
本文通过对历史文献资料的搜集和整理,对宋代自公元960年到1279年的319年间关中平原洪涝灾害的时间、空间分布规律和特征及其成因进行了研究。统计分析结果显示:宋代关中平原洪涝灾害共发生34次,平均每9.38年发生一次,发生频次时间分布在宋代早、中、晚期变化不均,有显著的阶段性,总体上呈下降趋势;与其它朝代相比,宋代洪涝灾害相当少,这主要与当时气候干旱有关。在季节分布上洪灾集中于夏、秋两季;在空间分布上是从宝鸡、西安、咸阳、渭南、铜川依次减少;在等级分布上,宋代关中地区洪涝灾害可划分小、中、大、特大四级灾害,各占洪灾总次数的18.5%,40.8%,25.9%,14.8%;宋代关中平原洪涝灾害发生主要由降水和气候异常波动以及人为活动综合因素影响的结果。
Through the collection and analysis to the historical materials, the temporal and spatial characteristics, the disaster ranks and the disaster origins of the flood disaster in Song Dynasty in Guanzhong Plain were studied in this paper. The results showed that flood disaster in the Song Dynasty altogether had 34 times from 960 to 1279, and averagely occurred one time per 9.38 years. The disaster frequency distributions were unequally and having notable stage, but the memorial came down as a whole trend in intermediate stage. Compared with other dynasty, the flood disasters were fewer in Song Dynasty. The main reason was draught climate. The disaster occurrence concentrated in Summer and Autumn. On the space distribution, the falling order was Bao Ji City, Xi＇an, Xian Yang City, Wei Nan City, Tong Chuan; flood disaster in Song Dynasty was sivided into four levels in small, middle, big, especially big in Guanzhong Plain; The occurrence probability was 18.5% ,40.8% ,25.9%, 14.8% respectively.
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第10期78-82,共5页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40571004)资助
关键词
宋代
关中平原
洪涝灾害
灾害等级
Song Dynasty
Guanzhong Plain
flood disaster
disaster grade
