摘要
对来自江苏，河南，河北，辽宁，陕西和内蒙古等６个省（自治区）的沙打旺种样进行了植株残体检验，洗涤检验和真菌分离培养检验，探讨了光照与种子表面消毒处理在分离培养检验中的作用，并以解剖检验法研究了真菌在种子内的侵染部位。结果表明：以水琼脂为培养基进行分离培养检验可较为全面地检测沙打旺的种带真菌，光照与表面消毒处理对真菌检出种数及检出率无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。种子间的植株残体是传带病原真菌的重要来源，残体检验是了解种子与植株健康状况的重要方面。从来自６省（区）的种子及种子间植株残体上共分离鉴定出２３种真菌。根据田间检验结果，可以确定的重要病原真菌是小丛壳（Ｇｌｏｍｅｒｅｌａｓｐ．），拉伯兰单胞锈（ＵｒｏｍｙｃｅｓｌａｐｐｏｎｉｃｕｓＬａｇｅｒｈ），茎点霉（Ｐｈｏｍａｓｐ．），匍柄霉（ＳｔｅｍｐｈｙｌｉｕｍｂｏｔｒｙｏｓｕｍＷａｌｒ）和立枯丝核菌（ＲｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａｓｏｌａｎｉＫｕｈｍ）。解剖检验表明，茎点霉，匍柄霉，细交链孢〔Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａａｌｔｅｒｎａｔａ（Ｆｒ．）Ｋｅｉｓｌ〕和多主枝孢〔Ｃｌａｄｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍｈｅｒｂａｒｕｍ（Ｐｅｒｓ）Ｌｉｎｋ〕等真菌主要存在于子叶内，种皮上仅发现产黄青霉（Ｐ?
eedborne fungi of milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens Pall)were detected by washing test and agar plate method,and by isolation of fungi from plant debris mixed with seeds.Effects of seed surface sterilization and light on the incidence of fungi isolated were studied.A component plating method were also used to detect the location of the fungi within the seed.The seeds tested were produced in the provinces of Jiangsu,Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,Liaonin and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Water agar was suitable for detecting the fungi.Light and surface sterilization showed no significant effects on number of species and incidence of fungi isolated from the seeds(P>0.05).Plant debris is one of the major resources for spread of the pathogens.Examination of plant debris could provide valuable information on healthy conditions of seeds and plants.Twenty three fungi were isolated from plant debris and seeds produced at six provinces of China.Among them,Glomerella sp.,Rhizoctonia solani Kuhm and Curvularia sp.have been rarely reported as seedborne fungi of milkvetch in the world literature.The important pathogens were Glomerella sp.,Uromyces lapponicus Lagerh.,Phoma sp.,Stemphylium botryosum Wallr.and Rhizoctonia solani.The results of component plating test showed that Phoma sp.,S.botryosum Alternaria alternata(Fr.)Keissl.and Cladosporium herbarum(Pers.)Link.were contained in the seed kernels,while only Penicillium chrysogenus Thom.was on the seed coats.
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
1997年第4期11-16,共6页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
农业部"牧草病害实验室建设"项目
关键词
沙打旺
种带真菌
检验
光照
立枯丝核菌
Astragalus adsurgens Pall,seed health test,light,surface sterilization,Glomerella sp.,Rhizoctonia solani,Phoma sp.,Stemphylium botryosum
