摘要
由于能量受限的传感器节点一般多采用低功耗的工作方式,即在休眠状态和唤醒状态之间切换,因此,当对移动节点进行定位时,锚节点可能会因为处于休眠状态而没有响应移动节点的定位请求,从而导致定位失败.提出一种基于预唤醒的动态休眠调度机制P-SWIM,该机制提前通知移动节点周边的锚节点进入全勤的工作方式,而网络内其他锚节点则仍然处于低功耗的工作方式.通过P-SWIM,目标节点能够有效地维持足够高的锚节点连通度,从而保证了定位的成功率和精度.实验结果表明,移动节点定位方法采用P-SWIM相比于采用静态休眠调度机制(如RIS和GAF)能够显著地提高定位性能,且P-SWIM引入的运行功耗也是3种机制中最低的,比RIS和GAF最多可节省47.6%和60.2%的功耗.
Due to the limited power supply, sensors have to switch between sleeping mode and awake mode at a low duty cycle to extend the network life-time. Therefore, when localizing a mobile node, it is possible that a seed node is passed by the mobile node during its sleeping mode, so that the mobile node cannot collect enough seed information and fails to be localized consequently. In this paper, a dynamic sleep scheduling mechanism, namely P-SWIM is proposed. In P-SWIM, each seed is proactively notified if a mobile node is moving toward it, so that only these seeds should remain active in full duty when the mobile node passes by them, while the other seeds can still stay in the low duty cycle mode. P-SWIM can ensure enough seed connectivity around the mobile node, which is necessary for successful mobile localization. Simulation results indicate that localization algorithms based on P- SWIM can achieve better localization performance than those based on the other two sleep scheduling mechanisms, RIS and GAF. Moreover, P-SWIM causes least running overhead to the network overall power consumption among the three mechanisms, at most 47.6%o and 60.2%o less than RIS and GAF.
出处
《计算机研究与发展》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第8期1330-1337,共8页
Journal of Computer Research and Development
基金
中国航空支撑科技基金项目(05E551010)
北京市重点学科基金项目(XK100060423)
北京航空航天大学研究生创新实践基金项目(200720)~~
关键词
移动传感器网络
自身定位
休眠调度机制
休眠
唤醒
mobile sensor networks
self-localization
sleep scheduling mechanism
sleeping
wakeup
