摘要
环境自动监测站要求安装在建筑物上或野外,由于微电子装置的脆弱性以及江苏省地处雷暴高发区,自动站很容易遭受雷击。文中简述了雷击类型与成因,给出了避雷针高度与保护面积的理论关系,通过有代表性的农村空气、水质自动站防雷设计,借鉴水利气象局自动站经验,指出自动站电源系统应选用适当的空气保护开关防止雷电浪涌,通信网络端应选用适当的浪涌保护器(SPD)防止电磁脉冲,并提供了空气自动监测技术规范(HJ/T193-2005)中接地电阻小于4Ω的校验方法。
The automatic environmental monitoring station is required to be allocated on the top of buildings or the open wild. The equipment and devices are very easy to be suffered and struck by lightning because of the vulnerability of the micro electronic device and the frequency-intensity of the lighting in Jiangsu which is situated at the frequent zone of thunderstorm. This paper outline brief description of Lightning types and their＇s cause of formation ,giving a Academic mathematic relation of lightining rod and it＇s protection area . How to choose power supply and signal line protector are also suggested from successful design of some countryside air and water automatic station, the experience of water bureau and wether bureau are used for reference. An exercisable measurement skill was gived to validate whether the earth resistance is less than 4Ω which is prescribed in technical specification of Air automatic monitoring system（2005-HJ/T2005）.
关键词
环境监测自动站
雷击电磁脉冲
雷击风险系数
浪涌保护器
Enviromental quality automatic monitoring system
Lightning electromagnetic impulse
Lightning struckrisk coefficient
Surge protective device （SPD）
