摘要
2005年3月吉尔吉斯斯坦"郁金香革命"与该年5月乌兹别克斯坦安集延事件发生后,美国在中亚地区的战略利益遭受了一定程度的损失。为了重塑中亚及相邻地区的地缘政治环境,更有效地维护和实现美国在中亚地区的战略目标,从2005年下半年开始,美国主要从以下几个方面对其中亚政策进行调整:进行机构重组,新设南亚与中亚事务署;试图以阿富汗为中心整合中亚与南亚,打造一个"大中亚"地区;计划打通一条"南向"运输走廊,实现中亚能源出口多样化;从策略上区别对待中亚各国,试图将哈萨克斯坦塑造为"改革走廊"与"地区领袖";为缓解中亚国家对美国在中亚推进民主的恐惧,美国较以往越加看重教育援助与非政府组织在推进中亚民主事业中的作用。尽管对美国中亚政策调整的影响与效果进行全面评估还为时尚早,但美国将越来越重视中亚地区在其全球战略中的地位。
After the'Tulip Revolution'in Kyrgyzstan and the Andijan Event in Uzbekistan took place in March and May 2005 respectively, America’s strategic advantages in Central Asia incurred certain losses. From late 2005, America began to make policy adjustments towards Central Asia. In order to reshape the geopolitical environment of Central Asia and its neighborhood, the new measures taken by America are focused on the following aspects: establishing a new Bureau of South and Central Asia in the State Department; taking Afghanistan as the pivotal country in the planned'the Greater Central Asia'; planning to build a corridor of energy to the south so as to realize diversification of energy export from Central Asian countries; treating Central Asian countries differently in tactics and shaping Kazakhstan as the'corridor of reform'and'regional leader'; and laying more emphasis on education assistance and nongovernmental organizations’ services to push democracy in Central Asian countries. Though it is still too early to make a comprehensive evaluation of the influences and effects of the American policy adjustments towards Central Asia, what we can be sure is that America will regard Central Asia as an increasingly important region in its global strategy.
基金
兰州大学中亚研究所杨恕教授主持的2006年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"中国的中亚战略与对策研究"的阶段性成果之一
项目批准号为06JZD0012
