摘要
三千多年以前，犀牛沿黄河两岸自西向东约有１８００多公里的广阔的分布北界。近三千年来，犀牛在中国的分布北界不断南移，它是我国犀牛地域性灭绝的重要特征。北界南移速度相当惊人，平均每年以０．５ｋｍ的速度向南消退。犀牛在中国灭绝的根本原因是人口压力。中国古代人口对犀牛的压力包括直接与间接两个方面。通过简单计算可知，犀牛种群承受人口压力阈值小于４人／ｋｍ２。
Three thousand years ago,the northern distribution boundary of rhinoceros in China was more than 1,800km long from west to east along Yellow River.This is a fact few people know.During the recent three thousand years,the northern distribution boundary of rhinoceros in China expanded to move southward.It is an important feature of the regional extinction of rhinoceros population in China.The northern distribution boundary of rhinoceros shrank away southward at a surprising speed of about 0 5km per year.The essential reason for the extinction of rhinoceros in China was human population pressure.In ancient China,effects of the pressure of human population on rhinoceros included direct and indirect aspects.Through a simple calculation,it can be concluded that 4.0 men/km 2 was the threshold value of human population pressure under which rhinoceros can survive.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第6期640-644,共5页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
关键词
古动物学
犀牛
灭绝
人口压力
压力阈值
extinction of rhinoceros,human population pressure,pressure threshold.
