摘要
通过田间试验研究了返青期不同程度根修剪处理对冬小麦群体结构、土壤水分及产量形成的影响。结果表明.不同程度根修剪处理均减少了小麦的群体数量,改善了群体结构,从而使得根修剪处理花期时的透光率显著大于对照。根修剪处理还使小麦对土壤水分的消耗显著减少,花期时根修剪处理小区的土壤含水量均显著高于对照。土壤水分的改善促进了小麦的生理活性,使根修剪处理小麦的花期光合速率均显著大于对照。成熟期时小剪根处理对籽粒产量没有显著影响,但由于显著减少了水分消耗,因此,提高了小麦的水分利用效率;大剪根处理虽然提高了小麦水分利用效率,但由于严重影响了成穗数,从而造成产量显著下降。研究表明,在旱地农业生产实践中,如果能采用适当农艺措施以减少冬小麦前期旺长对土壤水分的过度消耗,使更多水分留在花后利用,将对作物产量及水分利用效率的提高非常有利。
A field experiment was conducted to study effects of root pruning at returning green stage on population structure, soil water and yield formation of winter wheat. The results showed that root pruning treatments reduced population density and improved population structure of wheat, which resulted in higher PAR penetration rates compared with the control. Root pruning reduced water consumption of wheat in the early growing stage, so root pruning plots bad higher soil water content than the controls at antbesis, which promoted physiological activity and resulted in higher photosynthesis rate in root pruned wheat compared with the control. Light root pruning did not affected grain yield, but increased water use efficiency for grain yield; heavy root pruning improved water use efficiency for grain yield, but cut down grain yield greatly due to diminished spike number compared with the control. Our study showed that it is very important that suitable agricultural measures to improving yield and water use efficiency（WUE） of wheat, by which more soil water was saved and supplied to plants after anthesis by reducing water consumption in the early growing stage, should be explored and brought in practice in arid and semi-arid areas.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期192-195,共4页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
中国科学院“百人计划”择优支持资助项目(C24016200)
中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划(2006YB01)
关键词
冬小麦
根修剪
水分利用效率
winter wheat
root pruning
water use efficiency （WUE）
