摘要
目的了解本院近3年临床分离细菌的耐药性变迁,为合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法大多数分离细菌的鉴定和药敏试验利用BD Phoenix仪,少数利用手工鉴定和K-B法,数据分析用WHONET5.4软件。结果我院2004、2005和2006年,最常见的细菌种类依次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌;埃希菌属体外产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检出率分别为30.7%、42.2%和44.2%,克雷伯菌属为29.5%3、7.3%和43.5%;金黄色葡萄球菌甲氧西林耐药率为52.9%6、1.6%和40.8%,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为71.1%、74.0%和73.5%。G+球菌对万古霉素的耐药率一直低于2.0%,葡萄球菌属对万古霉素的敏感率一直为100%。肠杆菌科对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物的耐药率一直低于6.1%,非发酵菌的较高。痰中分离细菌的耐药率普遍高于中段尿和血液中分离细菌的。结论本院分离的肠杆菌科产ESBLs水平、非发酵菌碳青霉烯类耐药率和葡萄球菌甲氧西林耐药率居高不下,应加强抗生素的合理使用。
Objective To investigate change of drug resistance spectrum of bacteria isolates in local region during last 3 years for using antibiotic reasonably. Methods Most bacteria isolates were identified by BD Phoeix, a few were identified by hand work and K-B method. WHONET54 was applied for analysis. Results The common isolates in year 2004,2005, and 2006 in local hospital were Coagulase Negative Stapyhlococcus （CNS）, P. aeruginesa, E. coli, S. aureu, and K. pneumoniae. The incidences of E. coli isolates producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase （ESBLs） were 30.7 %,42.2%, and 44.2% respectively. The incidences of K. pneumoniae isolates producing ESBLs were 29.5% ,37.3%, and 43.5%. The methecillin resistant （MRS） rates of S. aureu were 52.9%, 61.6% ,and 40.8% respectively. The MRS rates of CNS were 71.1%, 74.0%, and 73.5% respectively. Resistant rates of Vancomycin in gram positive isolates were below 2.0%. Sensitivity rotes of Vancomycin in Stapythlococcus isolates were 100.0%. Resistant rates of carbopenems in Enterobactericaeae isolates were below 6.1%, those in non-fermenters were high. Resistant rates of isolates from sputum were higher than these of isolates from midstream urine and blood. Conclusion The production ratio of ESBLs of Enterobactericaeae, carbopenems resistance of non-fermenters and methecillin resistance of staphylococcus in local region were high. It is important to promote the rational use of antimicrobial agents.
出处
《中国实验诊断学》
2008年第6期733-736,共4页
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Diagnosis
关键词
细菌
耐药
超广谱Β-内酰胺酶
甲氧西林抗菌性
Bacteria
Drug resistance
Extended spectrum beta-lactamases
Methicillin resistance
