摘要
为了评估台湾海峡南部条尾绯鲤的种群资源现状，2000—2002年在闽南一台湾浅滩渔场单拖渔船采集的条尾鲱鲤样品，进行其种群结构和生长与死亡的研究，并与1977、1994年的研究结果进行比较，探讨种群变化动态。结果表明：条尾鲱鲤渔获群体叉长范围65～169mm，优势叉长组101-130mm，平均116．3m。体重范围6～86g，优势体重组21-40g，平均34．4g。年龄范围0～5龄，优势年龄组1龄，平均年龄1．12龄。渐近叉长L∞为182．73mm、渐近体重W∞为131．42g、生长速率K为0．4204、t0为-1．0424、体重生长拐点t，为1．5933。总死亡系数Z为2．1077，自然死亡系数M为1．0677，捕捞死亡系数F为1．0400，开发比率0．4934。与1977比较，1994年发生了种群结构趋于简单化、个体趋于小型化、低龄化和生长参数L∞和W∞趋小，生长速率K增大，拐点tr提前及初次性成熟提早等明显的变化，反映了当时种群资源基础处于最脆弱时期。2002年与1994年比较，虽然渔获个体有所增大，生长速率K有所下降，初次性成熟叉长略有加大，资源基础稍有好转，然而体重生长拐点tr继续提前，捕捞死亡系数还在加大，开发比率仍然较高，各项生态学参数与1977年比较还有较大差距，表明资源仍处于脆弱阶段，总体状况不容乐观。种群生态学参数的变化与该渔场的底拖网渔业投入量和产出量的变化相吻合，尤其1994年以来捕捞强度和渔获量不断加大，而且大量捕捞幼鱼，已对资源造成较大的压力，生态学参数趋向种群脆弱的变化是必然的。因此必须强化对渔业及资源的管理力度，以剩余产量模式估算的底拖网最大可持续开发量为26．94×10^4t和最大可持续捕捞力量为2180艘福建标准单拖渔船及条尾绯鲤最小可捕标准91．67mm、16．89g进行管理。以求条尾绯鲤等底层、近底层鱼类资源得以明显恢复，实现底
According to the biological data of Upeneus bensasi （Temminck et Schlegel） collected by trawl boats in the southern Taiwan Strait during 2000- 2002, this paper studied the population structure, growth and mortality character. Comparing with the studies in 1977 and 1994, this paper discussed the population dynamics of U. bensasi. The results showed that the fork length of the fish population ranged from 65- 169 mm, with 101 - 130 mm being predominant, and the average was 116.3 mm. The body weight ranged from 6 - 86 g, with 21 - 40 g being predominant, and the average was 34.4 g. The age ranged from 0 to 5-year, with 1 year being predominant, and the average was 1.12-year. The parameters of growth were. L∞=182.73 mm, W∞= 131.42 g, K = 0. 4204, to = - 1. 0424（t0 is the age when the theory fork length is 0）, tr = 1. 5933 （tr is the age of the inflexion point of body weight growth）, the exploitation rate is 0. 4934, and the rates of total mortality, natural mortality and fishing mortality were found to be 2. 1077, 1.0677 and 1. 0400 respectively. Compared with 1977, the fish in 1994 were early matured and their growth speed increased, while the individuals of catch stock were smaller and in low-aged size, the inflexion of weight was ahead the schedule. It is showed that the population resource was heavily fragile. Compared with 1994, the individuals of catch stock in 2002 were bigger in size, the growth speed decreased and the fork length of the first maturity were a little increased, it is showed that the resource is better than 1994. But the inflexion of weight was also ahead the schedule, the fishing mortality was still increased, and the exploitation rate was also very high, the ecological parameters were worse than 1977. It is showed that the fish resource is still fragile. The changes of the ecological parameters were accordant with the variations of the input and output of the fishery resources in trawl boats, especially the fishing intensity in this area has been enhanced since 1994, and the ju
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期362-368,共7页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
福建省海洋与渔业局(闽海渔科2001-06)
海洋生物多样性项目(2004)
关键词
条尾绯鲤
种群结构
生态学参数
台湾海峡南部
Upeneus bensasi （Temminck et Schlegel）
population structure
ecological parameter
southern Taiwan Strait
