摘要
目的探寻在目前条件下如何提高贫困山区农村新生儿乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率(HepB1-OT)的策略。方法选择HepB1-OT较低的2个县的部分儿童家长和乡村医生进行现场培训,并持续开展宣传、培训等干预措施。结果通过采取干预措施,所有新生儿和家中分娩儿童HepB1-OT分别由59.78%、37.26%提高到92.65%、89.29%,儿童家长和乡村医生乙肝防治知识知晓率分别由57.70%、50.00%提高到97.47%、80.28%,住院分娩率由42.83%提高到58.82%。儿童家长和孕产妇对乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫预防接种范畴的相关知识了解不够、家长携带儿童外出打工、因逃避计划生育而在外地接生等是导致农村贫困地区新生儿HepB1-OT低的主要因素。结论对儿童家长和孕产妇开展有针对性的宣传,是提高HepB1-OT行之有效的措施;在加强培训的同时,还要落实工作责任,才能确保乡村医生按时按要求接种乙肝疫苗;提高住院分娩率,是提高HepB1-OT的关键。
OBJECTIVE To explore the strategy on improving the HepB1-OT coverage rate in remote rural areas. METHOD To hold the field trainings for part parents and village doctors in two counties whose HepB1-OT coverage rates are low, and continue to execute interventions, such as propaganda, trainings, etc.. RESULTS The HepB1-OT coverage rates of all newborns and home-delivered new- bores improve from 59.78% and 37.26% to 92.65% and 89.29% respectively. The awareness of HB preventive knowledge of parents and village doctors improve from 57.70% and 50.00% to 97.47% and 80.28% respectively. The hospital-delivered rate improves from 42.83% to 58.82%. The survey shows parents and pregnant women know finite about the reference knowledge of HB. Parents working outside with children, escaping the family planning, ete.are major factors resulting in the low rate of HepB1-OT in rural regions. CONCLUSION To propagandize among parents and the pregnant and fulfill the village doctors＇ responsibilities are the effective ways to enhance the HepB1-OT. Additionally, promoting the hospital-delivered rate is the crucial to heighten the HepB1-OT.
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2008年第6期47-49,共3页
Chinese Primary Health Care
