摘要
2006年3-5月,在北京怀柔水库入库河流怀九河的西四渡河河段,采集性成熟的中华多刺鱼(Pungitius sinensis),人工干法授精获取受精卵,观察并记录受精卵的胚胎发育历程;设置温度和盐度梯度,观察温度和盐度对中华多刺鱼胚胎发育过程的影响。结果表明:北京地区的中华多刺鱼胚胎发育的起始温度(生物学零度)为4.7℃,适宜的发育水温为14.0℃-16.0℃,与中华多刺鱼繁殖盛期(4月中下旬)自然水体的水温相近;平均水温14.0℃时,中华多刺鱼完成胚胎发育约需183h;水温升至22.5℃时,胚胎的孵化率仅为22.2%;水温升至25.0℃时,受精卵不能孵化,此温度应是中华多刺鱼胚胎发育温度的上限。实验表明,北京地区中华多刺鱼的胚胎对盐度的耐受力较为有限,在与自然水体相同的盐度下(0‰)其孵化率接近100%;随着盐度的升高,孵化率降低,8‰盐度时,仅有56%的受精卵孵化;至20‰时,受精卵全部死亡,此盐度应为中华多刺鱼胚胎发育的盐度上限。
The present study investigates the embryonic development of Pungitius sinensis from the Huaijiu River, Beijing, China. Eggs and spermatozoa were obtained respectively from females and males matured naturally. Fertilized eggs were kept in fresh water at 14℃ and the development of embryos was observed immediately after artificial fertilization. The first cleavage occurred at 1 h 40 min, epiboly began at 9 h 30 min, the embryonic body was formed at 28 h 25 min and hatching occurred at 121 h 20 min after insemination. Thermal and salinity tolerance were also examined, to determine how temperature and salinity affect embryonic development in this species. Results showed that the development threshold temperature was 4.7℃ . 14.0℃ - 16.0℃ was the most suitable water temperature for development, and this temperature was consistent with average water temperature, during the height of the spawning season. When compared with normal strains, cultured at water temperature of 14℃ - 16℃ , percentages of abnormality and fry mortality were much higher at 22.5℃. The maximum lethal temperature for this species was 25℃. In contrast to other species of sticklebacks, P.sinensis did not tolerate high salinity. The hatching rate was 100% at 0‰ salinity, and dramatically decreased to 56 % when the salinity increased to 8‰, The maximum lethal salinity was 20‰
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期282-289,共8页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
北京市园林局"北京城市建成区生物多样性现状评价及其保护规则"
"国家基础科学人才培养基金(No.NSFC-J0030092)"项目的资助~~
关键词
中华多刺鱼
胚胎发育
温度
盐度
Pungitius sinensis, Embryonic development, Temperature, Salinity
